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The Fungal Community: Its Organization and Role in the Ecosystem (MYCOLOGY)
John, Ed. Dighton
Manufacturer: CRC
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ASIN: 0824723554 |
Book Description
The Fungal Community: Its Organization and Role in the Ecosystem, Third Edition addresses many of the questions related to the observations, characterizations, and functional attributes of fungal assemblages and their interaction with the environment and other organisms. This edition promotes awareness of the functional methods of classification over taxonomic methods, and approaches the concept of fungal communities from an ecological perspective, rather than from a fungicentric view. It has expanded to examine issues of global and local biodiversity, the problems associated with exotic species, and the debate concerning diversity and function. The third edition also focuses on current ecological discussions - diversity and function, scaling issues, disturbance, and invasive species - from a fungal perspective. In order to address these concepts, the book examines the appropriate techniques to identify fungi, calculate their abundance, determine their associations among themselves and other organisms, and measure their individual and community function. This book explains attempts to scale these measures from the microscopic cell level through local, landscape, and ecosystem levels. The totality of the ideas, methods, and results presented by the contributing authors points to the future direction of mycology.
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The Fungal Community (MYCOLOGY)
GEORGE, ED. CARROLL
Manufacturer: DEKKER, MARCEL
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 082478605X |
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Fungi in Vegetation Science (Handbook of Vegetation Science)
Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 0792316746 |
Book Description
Readers will perhaps be surprised to find a volume about fungi within a handbook of vegetation science. Although fungi traditionally feature in textbooks on botany, at least since Whittaker (1969), they have mostly been categorised as an independent kingdom of organisms or, in contrast to the animal and plant kingdom, as probionta together with algae and protozoa. More relevant for ecology than the systematic separation of fungi from plants is the different lifestyle of fungi which, in contrast to most plants, live as parasites, saprophytes or in symbiosis. Theoretical factors aside, there are also practical methodological considerations which favour the distinction between fungal and plant communities, as has been shown for example by Dörfelt (1974). Despite their special position the coenology of fungi has been dealt with in the handbook of vegetation science. It would be wrong to conclude that we underestimate the important differences between fungal and plant communities. The reasons for including the former are that mycocoenology developed from phytocoenology, the similarity of the methods and concepts still employed today and the close correlation between fungi and plants in biocoenoses.
Book Description
Citation Details
Distributed by ProQuest Information and Learning
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
Archives and libraries all over the world suffer from biodeterioration of writings caused by microorganisms, especially fungi. With traditionally used culture-dependent methods, only a small amount of effectively colonising organisms is detected. Restoration and maintenance of written cultural heritage is therefore problematic due to incomplete knowledge of the deterioration agents. In the present study, culture-independent molecular methods were applied to identify fungal communities colonising paper samples of different composition and age. Nucleic-acid-based strategies targeting the internally transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, which are nested in the nuclear rDNA repeats, were selected to investigate the fungal diversity on paper. The ITS regions possess a high variation among taxonomically distinct fungal species and even within the species. With this aim, several molecular biological methods were optimised for working with paper materials. Here, we introduce a DNA extraction protocol, which allowed the direct extraction of PCR-amplifiable DNA from samples derived from different kinds of paper. The DNA extracts were used to amplify either the ITS1 or ITS2 region by using different fungi-specific primer sets. The ITS-amplified regions were subsequently analysed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Conditions for DGGE analysis, gradient, voltage, and running time, were established to accurately discriminate different fungal species in complex communities. Pure fungal strains were used to constitute a marker for further comparative investigations of historic papers.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Applied Soil Ecology, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
Spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa Lam.) and diffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa Lam.) infested plant communities that are being studied for improved management practices to enhance native perennial grass species were evaluated for selected fungal responses during 2000-2003. Replicated plots were treated using combinations of carbohydrate addition to reduce soil N availability, reseeding with desirable mid- and late-seral plant species, and reintroducing a native late-seral soil microbial community using whole soil inoculum. The responses of extraradical filamentous fungi, mycorrhizae (infection intensity, arbuscules and vesicles) and systemic endophytic fungal (SEF) of native perennial grasses were evaluated in relation to plant community relative biomass, litter mass and soil C:N ratio in treated versus replicated untreated control plots. Soil filamentous fungal and plant community changes occurred with combined treatments (sucrose, seeding, soil inoculum) and were most evident in the diffuse knapweed-invaded sites during 2003. Based on overall correlations for the 2000-2003 experimental period, total and active filamentous fungi were inversely related to the relative biomass of invasive plants, particularly of spotted knapweed. The native perennial grasses had lower mycorrhizal infection intensity at the spotted knapweed site, in comparison with the diffuse knapweed infested site, where soil inoculation also appeared to be related to higher SEF and mycorrhizal infection occurrence. These results suggest that a mycocentric approach, involving soil management to maintain filamentous fungal hyphal lengths, while decreasing active fungal development, may create a soil environment more conducive to maintenance of desired indigenous plant species.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Soil Biology and Biochemistry, published by Elsevier in 2007. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
The structure of fungal communities was examined in soil subjected to 5 years of different agricultural land management and tomato production practices. Length heterogeneity polymerase chain reaction (LH-PCR) of fungal rDNA internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) regions was used to create genomic fingerprints of the soil fungal communities. Three years after initiation of land management practices, univariate analysis of genetic diversity failed to detect differences among soil fungal communities in plots managed organically, conventionally or maintained free of vegetation by continuous tillage (disk fallow). Genetic diversity was significantly higher in plots maintained as a perennial pasture grass (Paspalum notatum var Argentine bahiagrass) or as an undisturbed weed fallow. The composition of soil fungal communities within organic, pasture grass or disk fallow plots were separated into unique clusters by non-parametric multivariate analysis of their Bray-Curtis similarity matrices, computed from the relative abundance of ITS-1 amplicons, while the composition of communities within disk fallow and conventional plots could not be distinguished from each other. Diversity of soil fungal communities was significantly reduced following the cultivation of tomato in year four when compared to the diversity in plots where tomato was not cultivated. Divergence in the composition of soil fungal communities was observed following the cultivation of tomato under all land management regimes except organic, where communities continued to remained clustered based upon similarities among their ITS-1 amplicons. Divergence in the composition of fungal communities became more pronounced following two major hurricanes (Francis and Jeanne, September 2004) except for communities in the organic and pasture grass plots. Following the completion of a second tomato crop in year 5, genetic diversity and richness was similar under all land management regimes except the pasture grass, where it remained significantly higher. By contrast, following two consecutive years of tomato production, unique but mutually similar compositions of fungal communities were detected only in plots subjected to the organic land management regime. This was supported by observations that fungal communities were dominated by a 341bp rDNA amplicon fragment in all land management regimes except the organic. Cloning and sequencing indicated that the 341bp fragment generated by LH-PCR had a sequencing size of 343bp, which was most closely related to Fusarium oxysporum. Thus, land management practices that disturb or disrupt soil fungal communities will significantly reduce their diversity. However, the composition of soil fungal communities is more strongly influenced by land management practices and communities within an organically management system were more resistant to anthropogenic and meteorological disturbances.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Soil Biology and Biochemistry, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
We studied the distribution of the indigenous bacterial and fungal communities in a forest soil profile. The composition of bacterial and fungal communities was assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of total and extracellular DNA extracted from all the soil horizons. Microbial biomass C and basal respiration were also measured to assess changes in both microbial biomass and activity throughout the soil profile. The 16S rDNA-DGGE revealed composite banding patterns reflecting the high bacterial diversity as expected for a forest soil, whereas 18S rDNA-DGGE analysis showed a certain stability and a lower diversity in the fungal communities. The banding patterns of the different horizons reflected changes in the microbial community structure with increasing depth. In particular, the DGGE analysis evidenced complex banding patterns for the upper A1 and A2 horizons, and a less diverse microflora in the deeper horizons. The low diversity and the presence of specific microbial communities in the B horizons, and in particular in the deeper ones, can be attributed to the selective environment represented by this portion of the soil profile. The eubacterial profiles obtained from the extracellular DNA revealed the presence of some bands not present in the total DNA patterns. This could be interpreted as the remainders of bacteria not any more present in the soil because of changes of edaphic conditions and consequent shifting in the microbial composition. These characteristic bands, present in all the horizons with the exception of the A1, should support the concept that the extracellular DNA is able to persist within the soil. Furthermore, the comparison between the total and extracellular 16S rDNA-DGGE profiles suggested a downwards movement of the extracellular DNA.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Soil Biology and Biochemistry, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
Soil communities dominated by fungi such as those of no-tillage (NT) agroecosystems are often associated with greater soil organic matter (SOM) storage. This has been attributed in part to fungi having a higher growth yield efficiency (GYE) compared to bacteria. That is, for each unit of substrate C utilized, fungi invest a greater proportion into biomass and metabolite production than do bacteria. The assumption of higher fungal efficiency may be unfounded because results from studies in which fungal and bacterial efficiencies have been characterized are equivocal and because few studies have measured microbial GYE directly. In this study, we measured microbial GYE in agricultural soils by following ^1^3C-labeled glucose loss, total CO"2-C, and ^1^3CO"2-C evolution at 2h intervals for 20h in two experiments (differing in N amendment levels) in which the fungal:bacterial biomass ratios (F:B) were manipulated. No differences in efficiency were observed for communities with high versus low F:B in soils with or without added inorganic N. When calculated using ^1^3CO"2-C (in contrast to total CO"2-C) evolution, growth yield efficiencies of soils having high and low F:B were 0.69+/-0.01 and 0.70+/-0.01, respectively. When soils were amended with N, soils with high and low F:B had growth yield efficiencies of 0.78+/-0.01 and 0.76+/-0.01, respectively. Our experiments do not support the widely held assumption that soil fungi have greater growth efficiency than soil bacteria. Thus, claims of greater fungal efficiency may be unsubstantiated and should be evoked cautiously when explaining the mechanisms underlying greater C storage and slower C turnover in fungal-dominated soils.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Forest Ecology and Management, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
This study examined the short-term effects of wildfire on fungal communities in two Mediterranean ecosystems in northwestern Spain, dominated by Pinus pinaster Ait. and Cistus ladanifer L., respectively. A large wildfire burned the areas on August 2002. During the autumn of 2003, fruiting bodies found in the plots were identified, and mycological richness, diversity and production in both burned and unburned areas were measured. A 50mx2m transect was established in each plot. In P. pinaster plots, total fungal dry weight decreased from 35.3kgha^-^1 in unburned plots to 1.9kgha^-^1 in burned plots, where richness, diversity of mycorrhizal species and production of edible fungi were significantly lower. Dry weight for mycorrhizal species was higher than for saprophytic fungi in the unburned treatments (75% and 25% of the total, respectively), but it was not significantly different in burned areas (56% and 44%). In C. ladanifer plots, mycorrhizal species diversity was higher than that for saprophytic species. However, diversity of total, mycorrhizal and saprophytic fungal species was significantly lower in burned plots. An overall decrease of richness was also observed in these plots. Fire significantly increased the abundance of the pyrophytic mycorrhizal species Leccinum corsicum, whereas Boletus edulis, usually associated with C. ladanifer in northwestern Spain, was not found in burned plots. Some mycorrhizal fungi associated with C. ladanifer are common to Pinus forests, so these pyrophytic shrubs can play an important role in the regeneration of P. pinaster stands after wildfire.
Amazon.com
With a dedication that cites the lovely passage from The Wind in the Willows about how there's "nothing half so much worth doing as simply messing about in boats," the DK Complete Sailing Manual tacks into a welcoming breeze from the start. It's an unpretentious, simply written, well-organized (by color codes for easy referral, no less), and comprehensively illustrated instructional that starts with the basics and, step by understandable step, builds from there.
Steve Sleight, a British National Champion racer, charts a course that beginners can quickly pick up and the more advanced can hold onto for ready reference. Emphasizing essential principles and techniques, he gets you into the boat, familiarizes you with both theory and practice, and then launches you safely with more than enough knowledge to keep you afloat. Before returning to port, he'll have you relatively ship-shape in knots, navigation, maintenance, safety, equipment, weather, and etiquette in vessels and situations ranging from one-person dinghies to multi-hulled yachts and calm lakes to high seas. "For those who catch the sailing bug, there is rarely a cure," he writes. Given this, the Manual comes through handily with the requisite life support. --Jeff Silverman
Book Description
The sailing guide for all sailors from the novice to the experienced skipper -- everything you need to master the sport with over 750 images.
From daysailing to handling a cruiser on the open sea, the DK Complete Sailing Manual gives you the confidence to master every aspect of seamanship, whatever your level of experience. Features excellent instruction and practical advice, the DK Complete Sailing Manual is both a basic training manual for beginners and a completely up-to-date source of reference for the more experienced sailor. From handling ropes, tacking, and mooring, to boat maintenance, safety equipment, and sailing etiquette, it forms a comprehensive guide to practical seaman ship whether you are sailing a one-man daysailer or a multihulled yacht. Over 750 superb, full-color photographs and detailed artworks demonstrate the principles of sailing in step-by-step sequences. Including full instruction in navigational skills and meteorology, the DK Complete Sailing Manual provides all the technical skills you need to sail your own boat, safely and enjoyably.
Customer Reviews:
Awesome sailing guide!.......2005-12-20
This is the best sailing guide I've seen in a LONG time! For overall sailing, no matter where you are sailing and no matter what ocean or even lake, this is the Bible of sailing!
Thanks to the author from those who love the waters as much as you do!
A "must read" for those who want to sail safely and havea great time on the waters!
Very Good turned into New.......2004-10-05
It was great to receive my new book within two weeks of ordering. I had it shipped by the cheapest way. It was rated has Very Good condition and showed up in New condition.
Excellent intro to sailing for a beginner.......2003-12-10
This is very well laid-out, user-friendly book covering a huge range of topics. Start with this one, move on to some hands-on lessons, and then get the annapolis book of seamnship. From there, you should have quite a good knowledge base on which to build.
I demand to immediately be taken to Bali! ;).......2002-07-02
"There is nothing - absolutely nothing - half so much worth doing as simply messing about in boats." -The Wind in the Willows
Ok, life being short and all, there is not enough time to sail the world in one lifetime. Actually, Washington is a beautiful place to sail, yet, my soul longs for the beach life in Florida. The water is warmer for sure!
This book seems more sophisticated than the KISS series by DK. I'd say you could use both. This has a nice easy to use Contents section which lists all the basics so you can find information faster.
First Essentials is a chapter about safety, it lists the parts of the boat, essential equipment, how a boat sails, main controls, etc. I found it to be quite good.
Then they divide the sailing information up into Dinghies, advanced dinghy sailing and cruiser sailing.
The navigation section is rather good with information on charts, compasses, plotting equipment, navigation instruments, buoyage, pilotage, tides and tidal streams, plotting a position and passage skills.
Weather, Practical Boat Care and Staying Safe are the last three chapters.
Highlights include:
Great diagrams of the parts of a boat.
Learning to tie the six basic knots
Capsize Recovery
Trapeze FUN!
Catamarans
Cruiser Ropework - more advanced
Daily Changes - how to read the sky
The author taught himself to sail at age 10 and was teaching others by the time he was age 14. He has taught daysailing, cruising, and competitive racing. Some people sure know how to live the good life. Jonathan McKee was born in Seattle, Washington where he began sailing at the age of 10. I'd imagine this book is a favorite in Seattle.
In the case of sailing, knowledge really is freedom.
Essential!
~TheRebeccaReview.com
An objective testement.......2001-06-08
Here is one that stands out among the many. Steve Sleight's book "The Complete Sailing Manual" takes no chances at overstatement. The design and layout of the subject from the most elementary to the most sophisticated is managed with charm and grace. Each section teaches and inset boxes confirm. A glossary aids short memories. Little by little the reader is delighted into learning a great deal about sailing in a little space. The illustrations are clear and entertaining. The photographs well selected and nicely shown. It was a pleasure reading the book. I'll read it again.
Book Description
This attractive book contains everything brides and grooms need to plan the wedding of their dreams, including the most comprehensive budget analysis and checklist of things to do, detailed descriptions, things to consider, tips to save money for every aspect of the wedding planning process, and things to consider when hiring wedding vendors. This book also features business card holders, a 12-month calendar, and sturdy pockets with plastic tabs to keep the bride organized and free of stress. In addition, it contains hundreds of photographs from the most beautiful weddings around the country to inspire the couple's own creativity.
Customer Reviews:
It's okay..........2007-01-11
I bought two wedding planners and this is the one that I've been using the least. It does have really good sized pockets in the divider of each section. It has gorgeous pictures in it and as the wedding date draws closer (we still have nine months), it's quite possible I'll use this one more.
This book does have a business card holder and so far that's the part I've used the most.
Fast.......2007-01-09
I received this product very fast and my sister absolutely loves it. It was a great gift for her.
Just Awesome.......2006-10-03
This planner is WONDERFUL. I got married just a few months ago, so I know how hectic it can be. I ordered this as a gift for a co-worker and she loves it. This is great because it has big pockets to store papers and things, tons of pictures of flowers, cakes, reception ideas, etc. The flower directory is teriffic. This planner covers everything right down to the last detail. After planning my own wedding, I wish I had had this planner! The best you can get.
Very helpful information but..........2006-07-24
I was very pleased with all the helpful information this wedding planner has but was very disappointed when it fell apart two days after giving it to my son's fiance as a gift. I was very embarassed to say the least. We are not returning it because she has started writing a lot of information in it so she has put it in a three-ring binder. I just want to warn other buyers about this product. I'm sure there are other books that contain just as much information as this one but won't fall apart.
Seems like it will be helpful........2006-03-07
I bought this as an engagement present for my best friends and gave it to them the day after they got engaged. It has a great deal of content and even if they don't end up using the worksheets, it's still fun for them to look at. The book itself was a little beat up (some of the divider tabs were creased, some dents on the cover) so it might be better to buy it at a store where you can see the actual book and content first.
Average customer rating:
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Its Ok If You Dont Lov
Norma Klein
Manufacturer: Fawcett
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Mass Market Paperback
Klein, Norma
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ASIN: 0449701107
Release Date: 1984-04-12 |
Books:
- The Geology of Devon
- The Grouchy Ladybug
- The Naturalist in La Plata (The Collected Works of W.H. Hudson ( Vol. 12 )
- The Nature of Florida, 2nd: An Introduction to Familiar Plants and Animals and Natural Attractions (Field Guides - Waterford Press)
- The Olive Harvest Cookbook: Olive Oil Lore and Recipes from McEvoy Ranch
- The Outdoor Traveler's Guide: The Alps
- The Red Sea Rules The Same God Who Led You In Will Lead You Out
- The Secret Life of a Forest: A Photograhpic Essay
- The Selfish Gene: 30th Anniversary Edition--with a new Introduction by the Author
- The Use and Abuse of Nature: incorporating This Fissured Land: An Ecological History of India and Ecology and Equity
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![Application of molecular techniques for identification of fungal communities colonising paper material [An article from: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation]](http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/21HKAFFYJVL.jpg)
![Comparative fungal responses in managed plant communities infested by spotted (Centaurea maculosa Lam.) and diffuse (C. diffusa Lam.) knapweed [An article from: Applied Soil Ecology]](http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/11FGQ5DTVPL.jpg)
![Discriminating the effects of agricultural land management practices on soil fungal communities [An article from: Soil Biology and Biochemistry]](http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/21ZWGQP1YHL.jpg)
![Early effects of a wildfire on the diversity and production of fungal communities in Mediterranean vegetation types dominated by Cistus ladanifer and Pinus ... article from: Forest Ecology and Management]](http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/21NEN6B0DAL.jpg)
