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- Very nice
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Representation Theory: A First Course (Graduate Texts in Mathematics)
Fulton
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Similar Items:
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Linear Representations of Finite Groups (Graduate Texts in Mathematics)
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Lie Groups, Lie Algebras, and Representations: An Elementary Introduction
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Introduction to Lie Algebras and Representation Theory (Graduate Texts in Mathematics)
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Algebraic Geometry (Graduate Texts in Mathematics)
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Lie Groups: Beyond an Introduction
ASIN: 0387974954 |
Book Description
The primary goal of these lectures is to introduce a beginner to the finite-dimensional representations of Lie groups and Lie algebras. Intended to serve non-specialists, the concentration of the text is on examples. The general theory is developed sparingly, and then mainly as useful and unifying language to describe phenomena already encountered in concrete cases. The book begins with a brief tour through representation theory of finite groups, with emphasis determined by what is useful for Lie groups. The focus then turns to Lie groups and Lie algebras and finally to the heart of the course: working out the finite dimensional representations of the classical groups. The goal of the last portion of the book is to make a bridge between the example-oriented approach of the earlier parts and the general theory.
Customer Reviews:
Very nice.......2002-08-13
An excellent book. The approach, working toward the general theory via examples, has some great pedagogical virtues but also drawbacks. It also means the book has drawbacks as a reference, as important general theorems can be hard to locate (often they are in an appendix, but relevant definitions or lemmas are in several places in the text). Despite the example-oriented style, the level of mathematical sophistication assumed is reasonably high (so some physicists, for example, may find some of the explanations require boning up on certain ideas found more in pure mathematics than physics). However, many things are given very nice explanations that are lacking in some dryer texts (e.g. Varadarajan, or even Humphreys). Particularly nice is the discussion of relations between the representation theory of finite groups and Lie groups. Many mathematicians might find this book an enjoyable read to see connections made and examples worked out at a high level of sophistication, after learning the general theory. Some may also find it useful primarily as a repository of worked-out examples. I found Humphreys book "Introduction to Lie algebras and representation theory (Springer GTM series) to be an essential companion for getting the general theory with full proofs in a somewhat more logical order, if somewhat terse and a tad dry; Knapp's book "Lie groups beyond an introduction" could also serve this purpose, perhaps even somewhat better. If teaching a course, I would probably use this as supplemental reading rather than a primary text (though it could also turn out that gradually-generalizing-from-examples approach works better in a course than for self-teaching). It has been a useful book for me to own, and I recommend it, with the caution that you will probably want to supplement it with a book like Knapp's. (If you want to use only one book, and are reasonably mathematically sophisticated and already know basically what Lie groups and algebras are, use Knapp's.) I am a math-oriented physicist, who recently learned much of this material, using this and other books, in order to use it in my research.
A beautiful exposition.......2000-09-06
This is an absolutely delightful introduction to the theory of Lie groups and their representations. The style is informal but informative, with some of the important proofs hidden in the appendex or even omitted (i.e. existance of the finite dimensional representations for all lie algebras). However, this is a fully rigorous text, and all the important theorems are stated, and most are proved. Mathematicians should suppliment this book with Humphries standard text on Lie algebras. However, this book provides motivation and intuitive insight that Humphries is missing. Additional enjoyment may be derived from the sampling of other unusual topics, such as Schur functors and applications to algebraic geometry. Of course, these can also be omitted as the reader desires. Read a lecture every few nights before bedtime, and soon Lie theory will seem beautiful and almost intuitive.
Brilliantly Clear.......1999-11-22
An excellent companion for anybody learning lie algebras or representation theory. Also good for physics folk needing to pick up more than the basics of lie algebras; a nice followup to a "lie algebras in physics" book (and there are many of those.)
In particular, some people really need to buy this book.
Book Description
This book consists of three parts, rather different in level and purpose. The first part was originally written for quantum chemists. It describes the correspondence, due to Frobenius, between linear representations and characters. This is a fundamental result of constant use in mathematics as well as in quantum chemistry or physics. The examples in this part are chosen from those useful to chemists. The second part is a course given in 1966 to second-year students of l'Ecole Normale. It completes in a certain sense the first part. The third part is an introduction to Brauer Theory. Several Applications to the Artin representation are given.
Customer Reviews:
Typical Serre, concise, clean, clear........1996-10-28
This is a an excellent introduction to the subject. The book really breaks into 3 distinct parts. The first 5 chapters are a rapid introduction to the basics, similar to what one would get from any indroductory text. They are most notable for actually going through the details on D_n, S_n cyclic groups...
The second section (chapters 6-13) gives a more graduate level presentation of the material. Starting with a discussion of group algebras, moving onto inducted representations Artin's theorem (the existence of virtual characters)
The third section is Brauer Theory.
The book is by Serre so it goes without saying it one of the best if not the best book on the market. His failure to deal with the additional complexities of the infinite group case (which he indicates in the title) is a small problem. He could have spent at least 1 chapter addressing how the results of the book could be extended. The index of notation is a fantastic asset for a subject where notation plays such a large role.
Book Description
This text is an introduction to the representation theory of the symmetric group from three different points of view: via general representation theory, via combinatorial algorithms, and via symmetric functions. It is the only book to deal with all three aspects of this subject at once. The style of presentation is relaxed yet rigorous and the prerequisites have been kept to a minimum¿undergraduate courses in linear algebra and group theory will suffice.
Customer Reviews:
Worth the price just for the first chapter.......2007-02-08
Sagans book makes representation theory easy. The book first covers representations using modules and then choosing a basis to show the matrix approach. With every new topic he develops it using what Doron Zeilberger has dubbed the Gelfand Principle ([...]) The principle is: "Always chooses the smallest example to make a point". It isn't easy to find the smallest example when Sn grows as quickly as it does, but Sagen always manages to do it.
The ensuing chapters follow in the same vein. Ideas are introduced and explained, sometimes with pictures, sometimes with calculations, but always as clearly as can be.
To read this book does require a firm grounding in linear algebra, as well as abstract algebra. Time reading it is time well spent.
Near Perfect.......2003-04-06
This book is excellent. The material is presented clearly and concisely. It makes the subject matter accessible and interesting. I used it as the text for a one-semester graduate subject. I completed all of the exercises, so it is well-paced for this kind of study. I started with only an introductory knowledge of group theory, so it is self-contained. The only drawback is that there are no solutions to any of the exercises. If it had this, it would be a perfect bok.
Good introduction for representation theory........2000-03-25
This book has 4 chapters.Chapter1 is about general theory of representations of finite group.Chapter2 is about representation of symmetric groups.chapter3 and 4 are about combinatorial topics and symmetric functions. Though I haven't read all of the book,I highly recommand this book because this book shows us introductive part of representation theory with easy words.I think it is worth to read for all who are to begin the study of representation theory.
Good introduction for representation theory........2000-03-25
This book has 4 chapters.Chapter1 is about general theory of representations of finite group.Chapter2 is about representation of symmetric groups.chapter3 and 4 are about combinatorial topics and symmetric functions. Though I haven't read all of the book,I highly recommand this book because this book shows us introductive part of representation theory with easy words.I think it is worth to read for all who are to begin the study of representation theory.
Book Description
This book addresses Lie groups, Lie algebras, and representation theory. In order to keep the prerequisites to a minimum, the author restricts attention to matrix Lie groups and Lie algebras. This approach keeps the discussion concrete, allows the reader to get to the heart of the subject quickly, and covers all of the most interesting examples. The book also introduces the often-intimidating machinery of roots and the Weyl group in a gradual way, using examples and representation theory as motivation. The text is divided into two parts. The first covers Lie groups and Lie algebras and the relationship between them, along with basic representation theory. The second part covers the theory of semisimple Lie groups and Lie algebras, beginning with a detailed analysis of the representations of SU(3). The author illustrates the general theory with numerous images pertaining to Lie algebras of rank two and rank three, including images of root systems, lattices of dominant integral weights, and weight diagrams. This book is sure to become a standard textbook for graduate students in mathematics and physics with little or no prior exposure to Lie theory. Brian Hall is an Associate Professor of Mathematics at the University of Notre Dame.
Customer Reviews:
Horrible.......2007-07-22
It doesn't take a lot of intelligence to figure
out how to present lie algebras and lie groups
if you are going to take the matrix route.
Namely, you give lots of concrete examples
(requiring nothing more than calculus as
background) and then just state what the general
case is. In this book, the author uselessly drags
the uninitiated through swamps of archaic notation
(save that for the real thing) and incomplete
proofs (where invariably the hard parts are just quoted)
so that you have to wonder what in the world is the point
of committing this mess to paper. It is ironic that the
very same publisher already has better books out on exactly
the same topics. Finally, if this really were an introduction
you wouldn't have to add 'elementary' to the title - so let's
call a spade a spade and leave the spin to the politicians.
Companion book suggestion.......2007-07-10
This is an excellent book on a difficult subject.
When learning Group Theory from the viewpoint of physics, one can miss out completely on some of the important mathematical aspects.
Halls book solved that problem for me. But, I can imagine that it also works in the reverse;
If one studies Group Theory from a pure mathematical viewpoint, one can miss out on a multitude of computational techniques and some important results.
The paramount example of Halls book is the handling of the representations of the group SU(3).
To gain even more insight into that group one can use Halls book together with Quantum Mechanics: Symmetries.
There one can see "Groups, Algebras and their Representaions in Action", especially SU(3),
in numerous solved excercises and problems displaying a multitude of relevant computational techniques.
The two books begin at about the same point (groups, algebras, representations, the exponential map),
and end at about the same point (classification of the classical groups).
Halls book provides the correct mathematical setting and Greiners book the solved examples.
The two books together add up to a lot of value.
The pure math student can easily ignore the physics in Greiners book and pick up some new things in representation theory,
such as Cartans criterion for irreducibility, dimension formulas for representations, etc.
Meanwhile, the pure physics student should probably avoid trying to learn Group Theory from physics books (including Greiners).
There is a lot of confusion in the physics books as to what is what. Groups, algebras, representations and invariant subspaces are constantly mixed up.
In conclusion, one benifits from a math book, and a large collection of examples. Halls book and Greiners book work surprisingly well together.
A refreshingly clear introductory text on Lie groups.......2004-04-19
I rarely have time or feel strongly enough about a text to write a review. However, with Hall's book, I feel compelled. After struggling with the rather compact sixth chapter of Wulf Rossman's book on representations of Lie groups and algebras during a course on representation theory (the first five chapters were assumed), I turned to this one, and boy, am I ever glad I did.
The main and overriding strength of this book is the willingness of the author to guide the reader in digesting definitions and proofs. This comes in the form of numerous examples and counterexamples to point the reader in the right direction after a definition. And Hall constantly reminds readers of particular relevant terms in the course of applying them, which I found very effective in reinforcing concepts, and which allowed me to focus on the task at hand rather than spending time sifting through previous chapters, often losing sight of the main point of the argument.
Another strong point is the approach taken to introducing weights and roots of particular representations. I have found this a very difficult subject (as I guess a lot of students do) and Rossman's book was not helping much. As the previous reviewer noted, this book starts out (chapters four and five) with detailed treatments of the representations of su(2) and su(3) via the complexifications sl(2; C) and sl(3; C) and introduces roots in these contexts as pairs of simultaneous eigenvalues of the basis elements of the Cartan subalgebra. This requires only a background in linear algebra to digest and really hits home the point of these constructs in the whole scheme of things. After these examples under the belt, the reader is then able to take in the general definition of a root as a linear functional in chapter six. Representations of general semisimple Lie algebras are covered in chapter seven.
Throughout it all, Hall's style is very clear and his proofs are complete and illuminating. If you have had courses in linear and modern algebra, you should be fine with this one. Very well suited for self study. I can't recommend this book highly enough.
AT LAST, LIE GROUPS & ALGEBRAS I CAN UNDERSTAND!!.......2003-09-16
This book focuses on matrix Lie groups and Lie algebras, and their relations and representations. This makes things a bit simpler, and not much is lost, because most of the interesting Lie groups & algebras are (isomorphic to)groups & algebras of matrices.
I believe that most mathematicians are more concerned with impressing their colleagues with their subtlety and erudition than they are in making a clear, simple and comprehensible presentation. This is mitigated by the publisher's insistence that the first 10 pages be clear to a mid-level undergraduate so the book will sell. So I usually get stuck at page 10 in those books.
This book is clear (to me) at least to page 168 (as far as I have progressed). There are even appendices on finite groups and key aspects of linear algebra. After introducing the classical groups and their algebras and the exponential map relating one to the other, the author introduces representations. He then details the representations of sl(2,C) and sl(3,C) (a.k.a. the complexifications of su(2) and su(3), respectively). By going through the details on these [with their Cartan subalgebras, weights, roots, Weyl groups, etc.], the general theory that follows is more palatable than it might otherwise be. Little rigor is sacrificed (if I am qualified to judge that - probably not). A few proofs are left out, but not many.
Another virtue of this book is that there are very few mistakes. I have trouble distinguishing an author's typos from my thinkos, so this is a particularly impotant feature of this book.
I very highly recoommend this book to anyone who does not already know the subject; it would be a perfect first book on this area. This book is really written with the student in mind. As a "shade - tree" mathematician, I need all the help I can get in understanding this difficult subject. Hall has done the best job I have seen at making the theory accessible without sacrificing rigor.
Book Description
From reviews of the first edition: "The important feature of the present book is that it starts from the beginning (with only a very modest knowledge assumed) and covers all important topics... The book is very carefully organized [and] ends with 20 pages of useful historic comments. Such a comprehensive and carefully written treatment of fundamentals of the theory will certainly be a basic reference and text book in the future." -- Newsletter of the EMS "This is a fundamental book and none, beginner or expert, could afford to ignore it. Some results are really difficult to be found in other monographs, while others are for the first time included in a book." -- Mathematica "Each chapter begins with an excellent summary of the content and ends with an exercise section... This is really an outstanding book, well written and beautifully produced. It is both a graduate text and a monograph, so it can be recommended to graduate students as well as to specialists." -- Publicationes Mathematicae Lie Groups Beyond an Introduction takes the reader from the end of introductory Lie group theory to the threshold of infinite-dimensional group representations. Merging algebra and analysis throughout, the author uses Lie-theoretic methods to develop a beautiful theory having wide applications in mathematics and physics. A feature of the presentation is that it encourages the reader's comprehension of Lie group theory to evolve from beginner to expert: initial insights make use of actual matrices, while later insights come from such structural features as properties of root systems, or relationships among subgroups, or patterns among different subgroups. Topics include a description of all simply connected Lie groups in terms of semisimple Lie groups and semidirect products, the Cartan theory of complex semisimple Lie algebras, the Cartan-Weyl theory of the structure and representations of compact Lie groups and representations of complex semisimple Lie algebras, the classification of real semisimple Lie algebras, the structure theory of noncompact reductive Lie groups as it is now used in research, and integration on reductive groups. Many problems, tables, and bibliographical notes complete this comprehensive work, making the text suitable either for self-study or for courses in the second year of graduate study and beyond.
Customer Reviews:
Review of Knapp's "Lie groups: beyond an introduction.".......2002-08-13
The short version: this is a superbly written and conceived book; if I had to learn this material (the basic theory of
structure and representation of Lie algebras and groups,
especially semimsimple ones) from a single book, this is
the one I'd choose, among those I've seen. If you know the
basics of abstract algebra and some very basic concepts from
topology and manifolds, and you want to learn this material,
use this book. It would be a good reference, too, as it is
easy to find things in it, and takes a fairly modern, sophisticated approach (without sacrificing motivation and
intuition).
The long version, if you want more convincing or details:
I have used several books recently in learning the structure and
representation theory of Lie algebras and groups (especially Humphreys' Introduction to Lie algebras and representation theory, Fulton
and Harris' "Representation Theory," Varadarajan's "Lie groups,
Lie algebras, and their representations.") Although I came to Knapp's book with a decent background from the others, I think it's the best pedagogically, for someone with a modicum of mathematical sophistication and some basics like abstract
algebra and an idea of what a smooth manifold is), and a smattering of Lie theory. Some examples of the book's strength:
Elementary but potentially confusing concepts (like complexification, real forms, field extensions)
are explained thoroughly but in a sophisticated way, rather
than viewed as obvious. Carefully chosen examples motivate and
clarify the general theory; consequently even though the book
is completely rigorous, and carefully delineates lemmas, proofs,
remarks, definitions, and the like, it seems less dry then some
others (e.g. Varadarajan, from my point of view). But the point
of the examples, and their relation to the general theory, is
made clear, so they do not provide an overload of detail or b
obscure the main structure. Thought is always given to the
reader's understanding, not just to logical correctness, though
the author also takes the point of view, with which I concur,
that logical clarity and sufficient detail are essential
to understanding. Relations between ideas, alternative
proofs, and the structure of the theory to come are discussed
thoroughly, but such discussion is clearly demarcated from
the main structure of the argument, so that the latter is never
obscured. This is a fantastic book, and exactly what I was
looking for. Whether you are learning the material for the
first time, or want to review it or refer to, it is a superb
source.
Book Description
In this classic work, Anthony W. Knapp offers a survey of representation theory of semisimple Lie groups in a way that reflects the spirit of the subject and corresponds to the natural learning process. This book is a model of exposition and an invaluable resource for both graduate students and researchers. Although theorems are always stated precisely, many illustrative examples or classes of examples are given. To support this unique approach, the author includes for the reader a useful 300-item bibliography and an extensive section of notes.
Customer Reviews:
Very detailed with lots of motivating examples.......2003-04-20
The theory of representations of semisimple Lie groups is very complete from a mathematical perspective and is of enormous importance in high energy physics. This book gives a comprehensive overview of this theory, and deals with both the noncompact and compact cases. My interest was with the noncompact case and in topics such as the Langland's classification, and so I read only chapters 5 - 10. Therefore my review will be confined to these chapters. Throughout the book, G denotes the group in question and K denotes the elements of G fixed under the Cartan involution. The author endeavors, and this is reflected in the title of the book, to employ many examples to illustrate the main results. This makes the book considerably more easy to follow than others that are written in the "Bourbaki" style.
The Iwasawa and Bruhat decompositions and the Weyl group construction are shown to hold for non-compact groups in chapter 5. The Borel-Weil theorem is proven for compact connected Lie groups using the results of the chapter. The Harish-Chandra decomposition fo linear connected reductive groups is proven in chapter 6. The author shows clearly the role of holomorphic representations in obtaining this result and the construction of holomorphic discrete series. The principal series representations of SL(2, R) and SL(2, C) are use to motivate the notion of an 'induced representation" in chapter 7. The theory of induced representations involves the Bruhat theory and its use of distribution theory, and relates via the 'intertwining operators', irreducible representations of two subgroups.
The author discusses the notion of an admissible representation in chapter 8, which are representations on a Hilbert space by unitary operators and each element in K has finite multiplicity when the representation is restricted to K. Equivalence of admissible representations are discussed via the concept of an "infinitesimal equivalance", which is the usual notion if the representation is unitary and irreducible. The Langlands classification of irreducible admissible representations is discussed in detail. The Langlands program shows to what extent irreducible admissible representations of a group are determined by the parabolic subgroups. The construction of discrete series, used throughout the proof of the Langlands classification, is then done in detail in the next chapter. Ths concept of an admissible infinitesimally unitary representation plays particular importance here. Here the representation operators act like skew-Hermitian operators with respect to an inner product on the space of K-finite vectors. If one reads this chapter from a physics perspective, the representations constructed using discrete series are somewhat 'exotic' and will probably not enter into applications, in spite of the fact that physical considerations do dictate sometimes the use of noncompact groups.
Chapter 10 addresses the question as to the completeness of irreducible admissible representations using discrete series. If there not enough discrete series representations this will show up in the Fourier analysis of square integrable functions on the group. In the compact case, Fourier analysis proceeded via the characters of irreducible representations. The author shows how to do this in the noncompact case via 'global characters' of representations, which are well-behaved generalizations of the compact case. The well-behavedness of global characters comes from their being of trace class, with the result of the trace being a distribution. The author gives explicit formulas for the case of SL(2, R), and shows hows differential equations can be used to limit the possibilities for how characters behave. In fact, the author shows to what extent characters are functions, proving that the restriction of any irreducible global character of G to the 'regular set' is a real analytic function.
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Polynomial Representations of GL_n: with an Appendix on Schensted Correspondence and Littelmann Paths (Lecture Notes in Mathematics)
J.A. Green ,
K. Erdmann , and
M. Schocker
Manufacturer: Springer
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Combinatorial Commutative Algebra (Graduate Texts in Mathematics)
ASIN: 3540469443 |
Book Description
The first half of this book contains the text of the first edition of LNM volume 830, Polynomial Representations of GL
n. This classic account of matrix representations, the Schur algebra, the modular representations of GL
n, and connections with symmetric groups, has been the basis of much research in representation theory.
The second half is an Appendix, and can be read independently of the first. It is an account of the Littelmann path model for the case gl
n. In this case, Littelmann's 'paths' become 'words', and so the Appendix works with the combinatorics on words. This leads to the representation theory of the 'Littelmann algebra', which is a close analogue of the Schur algebra. The treatment is self-contained; in particular complete proofs are given of classical theorems of Schensted and Knuth.
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Linear and Projective Representations of Symmetric Groups (Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics)
Alexander Kleshchev
Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press
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Combinatorics of Coxeter Groups (Graduate Texts in Mathematics)
ASIN: 0521837030 |
Book Description
The representation theory of symmetric groups is one of the most beautiful, popular, and important parts of algebra with many deep relations to other areas of mathematics, such as combinatorics, Lie theory, and algebraic geometry. Kleshchev describes a new approach to the subject, based on the recent work of Lascoux, Leclerc, Thibon, Ariki, Grojnowski, Brundan, and the author. Much of this work has only appeared in the research literature before. However, to make it accessible to graduate students, the theory is developed from scratch, the only prerequisite being a standard course in abstract algebra. Branching rules are built in from the outset resulting in an explanation and generalization of the link between modular branching rules and crystal graphs for affine Kac-Moody algebras. The methods are purely algebraic, exploiting affine and cyclotomic Hecke algebras. For the first time in book form, the projective (or spin) representation theory is treated along the same lines as linear representation theory. The author is mainly concerned with modular representation theory, although everything works in arbitrary characteristic, and in case of characteristic 0 the approach is somewhat similar to the theory of Okounkov and Vershik, described here in chapter 2. For the sake of transparency, Kleshschev concentrates on symmetric and spin-symmetric groups, though the methods he develops are quite general and apply to a number of related objects. In sum, this unique book will be welcomed by graduate students and researchers as a modern account of the subject.
Download Description
The representation theory of symmetric groups is one of the most beautiful, popular, and important parts of algebra with many deep relations to other areas of mathematics, such as combinatorics, Lie theory, and algebraic geometry. Kleshchev describes a new approach to the subject, based on the recent work of Lascoux, Leclerc, Thibon, Ariki, Grojnowski, Brundan, and the author. Much of this work has only appeared in the research literature before. However, to make it accessible to graduate students, the theory is developed from scratch, the only prerequisite being a standard course in abstract algebra. This unique book will be welcomed by graduate students and researchers as a modern account of the subject.
Book Description
This book is designed to introduce the reader to the theory of semisimple Lie algebras over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0, with emphasis on representations. A good knowledge of linear algebra (including eigenvalues, bilinear forms, Euclidean spaces, and tensor products of vector spaces) is presupposed, as well as some acquaintance with the methods of abstract algebra. The first four chapters might well be read by a bright undergraduate; however, the remaining three chapters are more demanding. This text grew out of lectures which the author gave at the N.S.F. Advanced Science Seminar on Algebraic Groups at Bowdoin College in 1968.
Customer Reviews:
dense and uninviting.......2004-08-10
This is a typical mathematical monograph
which means it is densely written with
almost no examples. It's too bad since
that makes decoding the text much more
time consuming.
There is a lot here for such a short book.......2001-08-09
This book is a pretty good introduction to the theory of Lie algebras and their representations, and its importance cannot be overstated, due to the myriads of applications of Lie algebras to physics, engineering, and computer graphics. The subject can be abstract, and may at first seem to have minimal applicability to beginners, but after one gets accustomed to thinking in terms of the representations of Lie algebras, the resulting matrix operations seem perfectly natural (and this is usually the approach taken by physicists). The book is aimed at an audience of mathematicians, and there is a lot of material covered, in spite of the size of the book. Readers who desire an historical approach should probably supplement their reading with other sources. Readers are expected to have a strong background in linear and abstract algebra, and the book as a textbook is geared toward graduate students in mathematics. Only semisimple Lie algebras over algebraically closed fields are considered, so readers interested in Lie algebras over prime characteristic or infinite-dimensional Lie algebras (such as arise in high energy physics), will have to look elsewhere. Physicists can profit from the reading of this book but close attention to detail will be required.
The first chapter covers the basic definitions of Lie algebras and the algebraic properties of Lie algebras. No historical motivation is given, such as the connection of the theory with Lie groups, and Lie algebras are defined as vector spaces over fields, and not in the general setting of modules over a commutative ring. The four classical Lie algebras are defined, namely the special linear, symplectic, and orthogonal algebras. The physicist reader should pay attention to the (short) discussion on Lie algebras of derivations, given its connection to the adjoint representation and its importance in applications. The important notions of solvability and nilpotency are covered in fairly good detail. Engel's theorem, which essentially says that if all elements of a Lie algebra are nilpotent under the 'bracket", then the Lie algebra itself is nilpotent, is proven.
The second chapter gives more into the structure of semisimple Lie algebras with the first result being the solution of the "eigenvalue" problem for solvable subalgebras of gl(V), where V is finite-dimensional. Cartan's criterion, giving conditions for the solvability of a Lie algebra, is proven, along with the criterion of semisimplicity using the Killing form. The representation theory of Lie algebras is begun in this chapter, with proof of Weyl's theorem. This theorem is essentially a generalization to Lie algebras of a similar result from elementary linear algebra, namely the Jordan decomposition of matrices. Again, physicist readers should pay close attention to the details of the discussion on root space decompositions.
This is followed in chapter 3 by an in-depth treatment of root systems, wherein a positive-definite symmetric bilinear form is chosen on a fixed Euclidean space. These root systems enable a more transparent approach to the representation theory of Lie algebras. The theory of weights along with the Weyl group, allow a description of the representation theory that depends only on the root system. In addition, one can prove that two semisimple Lie algebras with the same root system are isomorphic, as is done in the next chapter. More precisely, it is shown that a semisimple Lie algebra and a maximal toral subalgebra is determined up to isomorphism by its root system. These maximal toral subalgebras are conjugate under the automorphisms of the Lie algebra. The author further shows that for an arbitary Lie algebra that is true, if one replaces the maximal toral subalgebra by a Cartan subalgebra. The proofs given do not use algebraic geometry, and so they are more accessible to beginning students.
In chapter 5, the author introduces the universal enveloping algebra, and proves the Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt theorem. The goal of the author is to find a presentation of a semisimple Lie algebra over a field of characteristic 0 by generators and relations which depend only on the root system. This will show that a semisimple Lie algebra is completely determined by its root system (even if it is infinite dimensional).
Chapter 6 is very demanding, and will require a lot of time to get through for the newcomer to the representation theory of Lie algebras. Weight spaces and maximal vectors are introduced in the context of modules over semisimple Lie algebras L. Finite dimensional irreducible L-modules are studied by first considering L-modules generated by a maximal vector. It is shown that if two standard cyclic modules of highest weight are irreducible, then they are isomorphic. The existence of a finite dimensional irreducible standard cyclic module is shown. Freudenthal's formula, which gives a formula for the multiplicity of an element of an irreducible L-module of heighest weight, is proven. A consideration of characters on infinite-dimensional modules leads to a proof of Weyl's formulas on characters of finite dimensional modules.
The last chapter of the book considers Chevelley algebras and groups. Their introduction is done in the context of constructing irreducible integral representations of semisimple Lie algebras.
Excellent Introduction to Lie Algebras.......1999-04-14
Humphreys' book on Lie algebras is rightly considered the standard text. Very thorough, covering the essential classical algebras, basic results on nilpotent and solvable Lie algebras, classification, etc. up to and including representations. Don't let the relatively small number of pages fool you; the book is quite dense, and so even covering the first 30 pages is a nice accomplishment for a student. Small caveat, the notation might be a bit confusing until you get used to it, but this is a common problem due to having both a Lie and a matrix product floating around, and is not a fault of the text. There is also a nice selection of exercises, between 5 and 10 per section.
Highly recommended; every mathematician should know the basics of Lie algebras.
Book Description
This volume is an attempt to provide an overview of some of the recent advances in representation theory from a geometric standpoint. A geometrically-oriented treatment is very timely and has long been desired, especially since the discovery of D-modules in the early '80s and the quiver approach to quantum groups in the early '90s.
The first half of the book fills the gap between the standard knowledge of a beginner in Lie theory and the much wider background needed by the working mathematician. Thus, Chapters 1-3 and 5-6 provide some basics in symplectic geometry, group actions on Kahler manifolds and Borel--Moore homology, geometry of semisimple groups, equivariant algebraic K-theory "from scratch," topology and algebraic geometry of flag varieties and conjugacy classes, respectively.
The material covered by Chapters 5 and 6 (as well as most of Chapter 3) has never been presented in book form. Chapters 3-4 and 7-8 form the heart of the book, presenting a uniform approach to representation theory of three quite different objects: (1) Weyl groups; (2) Lie algebra sln; (3) Iwahori--Hecke algebra. The results of Chapters 4 and 8 are new, with complete proofs, not to be found elsewhere in the literature. The techniques developed are quite general and can be successfully applied to such other areas of mathematics, as Quantum groups, affine Lie algebras, and quantum field theory. The exposition is practically self-contained and each chapter potentially serving as a basis for a graduate course.
Customer Reviews:
a nice blend of mathematics.......2002-01-06
it's not at all easy-going, but admittedly, it is probably the best way to learn some of the most stimulating and illuminating interactions between representation theory, symplectic geometry, algebraic geometry, and algebra;
a nice compliment to this book is 'symplectic fibrations and mutliplicity diagrams' by Guillemin et al.
other perspectives in ring theory from a geometric point of view (which could serve as yet another compliment) is Broho's 'nilpotent orbits, primitive ideals and characteristic classes'
no doubt, the advanced graduate student and professional mathematician would do well in, at least, taking a peek at the contents and the extensive introduction to whet his appetite and peak his curiousity!
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