History: Fiction or Science? (Chronology, No. 1)
Average customer rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars
  • Calculations are only as good as your numbers
  • Pants on fire?
  • Accepted History & Chronology Must Be Changed.
  • Very Interesting
  • History as Science Fiction
History: Fiction or Science? (Chronology, No. 1)
Anatoly Fomenko
Manufacturer: Mithec
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 2913621058

Book Description

Recorded history is a finely-woven magic fabric of intricate lies about events predating the sixteenth century. There is not a single piece of evidence that can be reliably and independently traced back earlier than the eleventh century. This book details events that are substantiated by hard facts and logic, and validated by new astronomical research and statistical analysis of ancient sources.

Customer Reviews:

3 out of 5 stars Calculations are only as good as your numbers.......2007-08-03

Yes, we can all agree that mainstream history is nearly 100% BS due to politics, economics, ego, problems with dating techniques, and various conspiracies. Agreed. But, I've been researching the distinct possibility that human history (in terms of civilizations) are much more ancient than we've been told, so coming across this book was very interesting to me. I wondered how Fomenko could be wrong (if at all) because he is very persuasive in his presentations. Then it dawned on me. If at previous times in prehistory, due to the various catastrophies that are well documented (comets, asteroids, planetary disruptions, plasma discharge, pole reversals, etc) the Earth was in a different position in relation to the sun, different tilt on its axis, different orbit, different rotation (in terms of velocity and DIRECTION), and the continents were in different positions, then would this not cause the ancients to see the sky (constellations) differently? In other words, is Fomenko making erronious assumptions about the physics of the Earth in pre-history, which then corrupt his data with regards to dating the relevant astrology? The last event to seriously disrupt our planet occured roughly 3500 years ago, according to other good researchers, so is it possible Fomenko has been confused by this? The vastly different physics of our planet in the not so distant past may explain this confusion, which is not to say the "mainstream" version of history is correct; on the contrary. I am not an expert in these fields, but wanted to see if this idea could spark discussion.

5 out of 5 stars Pants on fire?.......2007-07-19

Will people ever read before spamming? Yes, Jesuits could not rewrite world history alone, they had help. Anyway, Dr Prof Acad A.Fomenko does not point to jesuits as the driving force of world wide history manipulation in published volumes 1,2,3;, actually he barely mentions the poor devils. Check it with 'Search inside' feature, please. China is rarely mentioned either, in fact, Dr Fomenko is completely eurocentric. Right, his theory contradicts all mainstream schools of history, because in their actual state they are all built on blatantly erroneus chronology. You don't need a mysterious cabal (conspiracy) to falsify history, the falsification is its modus operandi. It is inherent to history(ians) to falsify (distort) events, as it is inherent to humans to boast as it is inherent to power (authority) to legimize itself by referrring to glorious past made to its own order. Dr Prof Fomenko and team have identified scores of instances of such manipulation in Russian, European, etc.. history, and delivered valid statistical proof thereof. His own 'reconstruction' is completely another story. Forget c14 as a valid method of dating. W.Libby has initially discovered a brilliant method of INDEPENDENT dating. Too bad, c14 method has become a joke after a forced marrige with dendrochronology with consensual chronological scale inbuilt. Radiocarbon method can't stand blind tests, but is so very productive as a rubberstamp.

5 out of 5 stars Accepted History & Chronology Must Be Changed. .......2007-04-09

There is no doubt that history as most know it is a sham, & institution's version of History both University & Church is fradulent & inaccurate. Everything was established with an agenda, The real "Dark Ages" are now when we have access to incredible amounts of information past authorities & more important 'common folk' didn't have but our institutions & educators are slow to evolve because of what has ignorantly & arrogantly been taught for too long. This is on many subjects not just Chronology.

For anyone to question "Why would a Mathematician have anything credible to say of History?" The answer is from Dr. Fomenko's preface in the book: "It would be worthwhile to remind the reader that in the XVI-XVII century Chronology was considered to be a subdivision of Mathematics." These volumes could possibly be some of the most important works to date & should be read by everyone with an interest in History, especially professors & educators who have a duty to the public. I have read both books & must say that 'Chronology 1' has some very eye opening & revolutionary information. Even if these volumes are part true the implications are profound & opens the doors to further investigations & questions which must be done. I speak several different lanquages & must say the logic Dr. Fomenko uses with "inflection" of words & words being read from left to right in one region & right to left in another then written backwards, the removal of vowels & get down to basics of words, or different cities & locations having the same name etc. is correct. Vowel usage has always been optional & varied, actually complicating linquistics & study. The first thing one has to understand is that words never had a fixed spelling in history like we do now, the spelling of words was mutable & regional, as well as names & titles of people were vast, varied & changed, NOTHING WAS FIXED or understood linear. Matters of Life & Death as well as financial profiteering yesterday & today were & are made with ignorant, illogical & conspiratorial views of history & reality, it's time people get closer to the Truth & society collectively grow up.

5 out of 5 stars Very Interesting.......2007-03-07

It is a good proposal and I believe it will mature into something even better in the future. I think it deserves to be read.

4 out of 5 stars History as Science Fiction.......2007-01-10

Anatoly Fomenko has written a very intriguing book, full of pictures, charts, and computer 'proof' of his thesis: backwards of AD900 we don't really know what happened or when. Between AD900 and AD1600 there is more certainty, but there is still a lot of fuzzy ground, and things don't get reliable until we get past the 1600's where the printing press made it very difficult for the perpetrators of this timeline manipulation to change anything that had been committed to print. The Dark Ages did not happen. Books were burned for a reason. One organization has doubled the actual length of its existence by expanding the real chronology. Read why.

I had always wondered why Christ died about AD33 and yet men waited until the 11th century to form the Knights Templar, the Cathars, etc and go after the Holy Land by force. Why the 1000 year gap? Turns out there wasn't more than a 10-12 year gap and he proves it using astronomy. This also implies that the planet is not as old as we have been told, and current Christian and other creationist scientists are already championing that idea without being aware of Fomenko's book. The two groups, creationist scientists and the Russian mathematical analysts corroborate each other. Fascinating.

Of course, all this flies in the face of what we have been told traditionally is the 'proper' chronology of western civilization, and most readers will experience 'cognitive dissonance' in reading this book. It means that our history going backwards from AD1600 becomes progressively more incorrect and unreliable until it cannot be trusted at all... in the space of 700-800 years.

Naturally, the curious, open-minded reader will want to know WHO did this, WHY, and did any of the events we think of as really ancient ever happen?
Dr. Fomenko is a respected scientist/mathematician at Moscow State University who has already answered these questions to the satisfaction of his initially skeptical colleagues. Most of them are now believers, a few still refuse to believe (the usual diehards), and of course the western press has ignored Fomenko's work -- for obvious reasons when you read the book. The ones who perpetrated this chronology ruse have a lot to answer for. They are still with us. That's why this book is a well-kept secret.

I gave the book a 4-star rating because I was unable to check out some of his claims; those I checked were as he said. But if even 1/3 of his claims are true, this punches a big hole in what we think is our history, the meaning of western civilization, our educational process (for repeating the ruse as gospel), and the trustworthiness of the organization that perpetrated this ruse, well-intentioned or not.

This book relates to current research into a Young Earth paradigm, to John Keel's discoveries about our planet, and Fr Malachi Martin's insights (in his now out-of-print books). We are indeed sheep who are manipulated and kept ignorant -- for a reason. While knowing what these men have to say may be the "booby prize" (as in: 'what can you do with this knowledge?'), it will provide interesting reading. Didn't someone say: "...and the Truth will set you free."?? For you to judge if this book contains the truth.
Roman Military Clothing (1): 100 BC-AD 200 (Men-at-Arms)
Average customer rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars
  • Late Roman Military Clothing
  • So few pages - this is not a book!
  • Roman clothing
  • Answer to the review of Mr. David S. Michaels
  • Indispensible for the reenactor, gamer or historian
Roman Military Clothing (1): 100 BC-AD 200 (Men-at-Arms)

Manufacturer: Osprey Publishing
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 1841764876
Release Date: 2002-08-19

Book Description

The armour and weapons of Rome's legionaries and auxiliaries have been the subject of intense research and speculation, and much has been published - but almost nothing on the actual clothing of Imperial soldiers. In this first part of a rigorous study of the literary, sculptural, pictorial and archaeological evidence, a specialist author/artist examines the clues which enable us to attempt reconstructions of tunics, cloaks, footwear and other items worn by officers and men all over the empire, from the late Republic to c.200 AD. His text is illustrated with meticulous drawings of surviving relief sculptures - particularly soldiers' gravestones - and eight striking colour plates.

Customer Reviews:

5 out of 5 stars Late Roman Military Clothing.......2007-05-02

Five stars at the least for this indespensible conclusion to this three-part series on the tunics, trousers, boots, cloaks, headgear, and other aspects of the costumes of the late Imperial Romans and the early Byzantines. The plates alone are very enlightening.

1 out of 5 stars So few pages - this is not a book!.......2006-12-22

May be they should call it a booklet. There are only 48 pages from front to back (including the index page). There is very little useful written information and the few illustrations have no explanation. Unless you are doing research in this area and absolutely can't find any other source of information, I would say Don't Buy This. I now realize all the Men-At-Arms series are probably all the same. Instead of compiling all three Roman Military Clothing booklets into one half-respectable "book", they opted to split up the materials and make more money. If you are interested in Roman soldiers and what they wear, The Roman Legions recreated in colour photographs is at least a bit better - though I have issues with that book as well. I wasted my money on this one, hopefully you won't.

4 out of 5 stars Roman clothing.......2005-10-12

As with all of this series it is well done and with great illustrations

4 out of 5 stars Answer to the review of Mr. David S. Michaels.......2002-12-17

Mr. David S. Michaels,

Forgive me, but Your review about the book "Roman military clothing nr. 1" gives the impression of a very superficial and approximate knowledge of the Roman military word, archaeology and way of life.

Roman paintings, mosaics and sculptures provide us with a snapshot of the past as one can easily observe from the black and white images of soldiers in this book. Unfortunately we too often presume to know more than the people who lived 2000 years ago who saw these soldiers for themselves.

For instance the Praetorian guardsman illustrated in Plate F1 may at first seem fanciful and dubious but in my opinion this is one the best reconstructions of a Praetorian ever attempted. Every detail of the equipment is based on actual archaeological sources including the original Neronian painting where even the hinges of the lorica are visible! For example the helmet can be seen in the definitive publication on the Armour of Imperial Rome by H. Russell Robinson, the greaves from Pompeii and the bronze Lorica segmentata is based on recently discovered bronze specimens from Nova, Bulgaria. Linking the Praetorian with the Prasina faction in the circus with the inclusion of a green tunic adds a touch of historical realism. Moreover this link, attested by ancient written sources, confirmed by other artistical images, reminds us that the personal tastes of both Praetorians and Emperors existed in an age where modern concepts of uniform did not exist.

The black and white illustrations in this publication are a mine of information and many are made available for the general reader for the first time. These include a unique representation of a slave merchant and a Diogmitas or Para-military policeman of Asia minor. Incidentally the author categorically states that his conclusions on the tunic color debate will be summarized in the second volume in this series.

The fact that Caesar's cuirass is obscured by a cloak in one particular color plate is a pity, however the cuirass itself is described in the text and the book makes no claims to be anything other than a study of clothing. Moreover Caesar's tunic is evidently the same as the two other tunics illustrated in the same plate so if one wants to know what Caesar's tunic looked like, one only has to look at the tunic of Pompeius. If you need more information on the Armour of Caesar I personally recommend `L'esercito di Cesare', by C. Antonucci, EMI, Milan. The cuirass worn by a Legionary in Plate B is described in the text as `Kalkriese' type and Mike Bishop will undoubtedly explain information on this form of Armour in his forthcoming book on Roman body Armour.

Finally every impression of the Roman world is of course personal but I believe this is a very good attentive book, well researched with archaeological details never seen before. I hope that this series will be the beginning of the end of the modern view that Roman art was conventionalized, in particular with regards to depictions of Armour and military equipment and that Osprey continue along such a road.

Best wishes

Dr. Raffaele D'Amato - 38 years old
Searcher and scholar in military matters

3 out of 5 stars Indispensible for the reenactor, gamer or historian.......2002-12-07

Having using this book as a resource for more than a year now, I have come to appreciate its value to the Roman reenactor, wargamer, and professional or amateur historian. After spending time going over the text in detail, I can only appreciate and admire the amount of painstaking research Mr. Sumner has compiled for this study. I admit to being a little miffed, initially, that Sumner did not once and for all end the vexing argument over the color of the Roman military tunic -- i.e. was it red, or white, or some other color, or was there no "uniform" color at all? In retrospect, if one reads between the lines, the evidence Mr. Sumner provides seems to advance the hypothesis that the Roman soldier wore a white tunic while "out of kit," and a red one under his armor when preparing for battle. The illustrations are quite nicely rendered, with an extraordinary amount of detail even by Osprey standards. In conclusion, this is definitely a worthwhile addition to the Roman military enthusiast's or reenactor's bookshelf.
Men at Arms No. 425 - Roman Military Clothing ( 3 )
Average customer rating: Not rated
    Men at Arms No. 425 - Roman Military Clothing ( 3 )
    Raffaele D'amato
    Manufacturer: Osprey Publishing, Limited
    ProductGroup: Book
    Binding: Paperback
    ASIN: B000VG0JOU
    Roman Military Clothing: v. 3
    Average customer rating: Not rated
      Roman Military Clothing: v. 3
      Raffaele Amato
      Manufacturer: Osprey
      ProductGroup: Book
      Binding: Paperback
      ASIN: B000K29VOO

      In Search of Nomads: An English Obsession from Hester Stanhope to Bruce Chatwin
      Average customer rating: Not rated
        In Search of Nomads: An English Obsession from Hester Stanhope to Bruce Chatwin
        John Ure
        Manufacturer: Carroll & Graf
        ProductGroup: Book
        Binding: Hardcover

        19th Century19th Century | World | History | Subjects | Books
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        ASIN: 0786713208

        Book Description

        For centuries, settled peoples have contemplated nomads with fascination and envy, or with disdain and fear. Both Americans and the British have had an obsession with nomadic peoples, stemming from their own wanderlust and admiration for the unfettered life. In Search of Nomads centers on four regions that are rich in nomadic culture—the Arabian peninsula with its Bedouin, the Sahara with its Moors and Tuareg, the mountain ranges of southern Iran with its migratory pastoral tribes, and the steppes of Central Asia with its Mongol horsemen and Tartar descendants. Author John Ure has traveled with all of these peoples and provides a brief account of the special characteristics and history of each group. However, one of the most appealing aspects of the book is the insight it provides into the often eccentric British and American observers who chose to seek out and travel with nomads. Some were exiles from nineteenth-century high society, some were footloose adventurers like T. E. Lawrence; some were distinguished literary figures like Vita Sackville-West; while others were notable scholars like Gertrude Bell. In short, the visitors were often odder than the exotic peoples they visited, and John Ure brings both to life with skill and humor.

        Phoenix: The History of the Countryside: The Classic History of Britain's Landscape, Flora and Fauna
        Average customer rating: 4 out of 5 stars
        • A Valuable Book that Will be Welcomed by all Country-Lovers
        Phoenix: The History of the Countryside: The Classic History of Britain's Landscape, Flora and Fauna
        Oliver Rackham
        Manufacturer: Phoenix Press
        ProductGroup: Book
        Binding: Paperback

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        ASIN: 1842124404

        Book Description

        Fields, highways, hedgerows, fens, marshes, rivers, heaths, coasts, woods, and wood pastures: this tribute to the endlessly changing character of Britain's countryside illustrates how it developed over the centuries. Going right up to the present day, and including both natural and man-made features, it demonstrates the sometimes subtle, sometimes radical ways in which people, flora, fauna, climate, soils, and other physical conditions have played a role in shaping the landscape. "...quirky and rewarding...full of answers to questions that others have not had the wit to ask."--Economist. "One thing is certain: no one would be wise to write further on our natural history...without thinking very hard about what is contained in these authoritative pages."--Country Life.

        Customer Reviews:

        4 out of 5 stars A Valuable Book that Will be Welcomed by all Country-Lovers .......2007-08-29

        This book, written by a Fellow of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, tells the story of the forces, human and natural, which shaped the landscape of the British Isles. Examples of the sort of ground it covers are given by Dr Rackham in his opening paragraph, when he says that in his childhood he wondered why roads had bends, why lanes were sunk into the ground, what dogwood and spindle were doing in the hedges, why fields were of odd shapes, and why elms stopped abruptly just north of Bungay. (A town in Norfolk, where he grew up). The book represents his attempts to answer these questions, and many others like them.

        The book is not written in strict chronological order from the Ice Age to the 20th century (the book was written in 1986); Dr Rackham rather treats each different type of habitat- woodland, fields, heathland, moorland, marshes, etc.- in turn. He describes each type of habitat and then traces its development over time from prehistory to the present. In addition, there are chapters setting out his methods and the type of evidence he relies on, and dealing with Britain's native flora and fauna, especially those species which have become extinct in historical times (bears, wolves, wild boar) or which have been introduced by man (rabbits, fallow deer, pheasants, sycamore trees).

        Dr Rackham lays to rest a few well-worn myths about the countryside. It is not, for example, true, as is sometimes said, that mediaeval England was a densely wooded country which a squirrel could have crossed from coast to coast without ever setting foot on the ground, before the dense woodlands were destroyed to provide timber for the Royal Navy. Certainly, prehistoric Britain was almost wholly tree-covered, but the coming of agriculture meant that most of the woods were felled. By the Middle Ages, only about 15% of the country was wooded, a higher percentage than in modern Britain but a lower one than in modern France or Germany. Much of the confusion is due to a misunderstanding of what was meant by a "forest" in mediaeval England. The term did not necessarily imply woodland- Sherwood Forest, for example, was predominantly heathland- but an area in which game, especially deer, was protected by special laws.

        Nor is it true to say that the rural landscape is as much the product of deliberate human design as the urban one or, as is sometimes done by those who oppose conservationist attempts to preserve the countryside, that its current appearance is almost entirely modern, the result of the Enclosure Acts of the 18th and 19th centuries. Although Dr Rackham states that his is not primarily a book about conservation, it is written from a conservationist viewpoint, and he exposes the weaknesses of the arguments that the landscape is both modern and artificial. What we now think of as typical features of the countryside are often the result of a complex interplay of human and natural forces. Not all hedgerows, for example, were deliberately planted; many grew up naturally along the line of a fence, which has often disappeared, leaving the hedge as a semi-natural boundary feature.

        Contrary to the "Enclosure Act Myth", many features of the landscape are very old. Dr Rackham distinguishes between two types of English lowland scenery, what he calls "Planned Countryside" and "Ancient Countryside". The former, which prevails in a band stretching from Dorset and northern Hampshire north-eastwards through the East Midlands to northern and western East Anglia, Lincolnshire and the East Riding, was the area which was once dominated by the tradition, dating back to the Middle Ages, of open-field farming. The latter, which prevails throughout the rest of lowland England, mostly in the West Midlands and the South-East, was the area where this tradition was less strong and where there was a larger number of smaller fields. It was the Planned Countryside landscape which was largely affected by the Enclosure Acts; the Ancient Countryside kept many more of its traditional features. Even today there are many differences between the two types of landscape; Ancient Countryside, for example, has more roads and public footpaths, more areas of heathland, more ponds and more ancient hedgerows. Villages in Planned Countryside tend to be larger, but fewer in number.

        The book is highly informative, and contained much that was new to me. I had not, for example, appreciated that before the coming of man the dominant woodland tree in most of lowland England was neither oak, nor ash, nor beech, but small-leaved lime. Oak predominated in the upland areas of England and in much of Scotland and Wales. Nor had I realised that wild boar became extinct as long ago as the mid-thirteenth century, victims of the destruction of their woodland habitat and of reckless over-hunting. King Henry III had 300 killed for his Christmas feast in 1251, at a time when they were already on the verge of extinction.

        I would have two complaints about the book. The first is that it I would have welcomed more illustrations, preferably in colour. The second is that Dr Rackham tends to concentrate on certain areas at the expense of others. England is treated in greater detail than Scotland, Wales and Ireland, and certain regions of England in greater detail than others. I would have liked to see other parts of the country get as much attention as East Anglia (doubtless singled out for special treatment because the author is a native of Norfolk and a resident of Cambridgeshire). Nevertheless, this is a valuable book that will be welcomed by all country-lovers who wish to understand the countryside as well as appreciate it.

        Life Lessons My Mother Taught Me: Universal Values from Extraordinary Times
        Average customer rating: 5 out of 5 stars
        • Wonderful tribute to all mothers
        • Love Legacy
        • A good read
        • Life Lessons for any age
        Life Lessons My Mother Taught Me: Universal Values from Extraordinary Times
        Andrea Young
        Manufacturer: Tarcher
        ProductGroup: Book
        Binding: Paperback

        African-American & BlackAfrican-American & Black | Ethnic & National | Biographies & Memoirs | Subjects | Books
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        Accessories:
        1. Braun IRT 4020 ThermoScan Ear Thermometer Braun IRT 4020 ThermoScan Ear Thermometer

        ASIN: 1585420077
        Release Date: 2000-01-24

        Book Description

        The daughter of former Atlanta mayor Andrew Young draws universal lessons from her mother's extraordinary life.

        When Andrew Young first ran for Congress, he was known in Atlanta as "Jean Young's husband." Jean, beloved wife, former First Lady of Atlanta, civic leader, educator, friend and colleague of Maya Angelou, Coretta Scott King, Marian Wright Edelman, and Jimmy and Roslyn Carter, was the proud mother of four who instilled in her children the importance of love, integrity, and faith. Written by her daughter, Andrea, Life Lessons My Mother Taught Me celebrates a good mother, a life well-lived and worth emulating, and values that can help us all become more ethical people, more loving parents, and better citizens.

        Weaving personal stories against a backdrop rich in the turbulent politics of our recent past, Young paints an evocative picture of life in a Southern middle-class black family during the social change that came in the wake of the Great Depression and legalized segregation. Here is a book to be widely shared by mothers and daughters.

        "My mother was a woman of strong character, of deep and abiding commitments and a loving nature that drew people into her orbit. She was my friend, my mentor, my guide, my critic, and my amen corner. In her home, I found refuge and comfort. In her voice, I found wisdom." --from the Introduction

        Illustrated with 15 black-and-white photographs

        Customer Reviews:

        5 out of 5 stars Wonderful tribute to all mothers.......2000-05-13

        This book of Jean Young's lessons is a tribute to all mothers. They are valuable life lessons for any woman. These may not be the exact lessons your mother taught, but if you add them to your mother's loving lessons of life, you are sure to have a great map to follow.

        5 out of 5 stars Love Legacy.......2000-03-06

        March 5, 2000 On reading this book, I reconnected with the tremendous love felt for my mother and the rich experiences she provided me and my siblings. Throughout, I smiled on recognizing the churchgoing experiences and other events also present in my childhood and the southern expressions incorporated in my speech. Thank you for a book that not only celebrates Ms. Young's outstanding African-American mother, but also, my mother and many other unsung mothers who shared special, loving relationships with us, their daughters.

        5 out of 5 stars A good read.......2000-02-25

        I always like to read about the lives of other people. Especially one as famous as Jean Young. Her daughter has written a lovely biography as well as life lessons that were taught to her by her mother. A wonderful gem of a book to be read by young and old alike.

        5 out of 5 stars Life Lessons for any age.......2000-02-05

        This book was a well written guide for how everyone, male or female, should aspire to live there life. Through stories of Jean Childs Young, the author's mother, you learn how to conduct day to day life with eloquence and grace. With these stories you have a handbook for everything dealing with people of all classes to presenting yourself with your best foot forward. This book is a great gift for a teenager about to become a women or and adult female who wants to be a BETTER woman. This book is a great find.
        The lessons of extraordinary times.(care for nature) : An article from: New Life Journal
        Average customer rating: Not rated
          The lessons of extraordinary times.(care for nature) : An article from: New Life Journal
          Diana Osbourne
          Manufacturer: Thomson Gale
          ProductGroup: Book
          Binding: Digital

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          ASIN: B000EHQ9EU
          Release Date: 2006-02-06

          Book Description

          This digital document is an article from New Life Journal, published by Thomson Gale on December 1, 2005. The length of the article is 1361 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

          Citation Details
          Title: The lessons of extraordinary times.(care for nature)
          Author: Diana Osbourne
          Publication: New Life Journal (Magazine/Journal)
          Date: December 1, 2005
          Publisher: Thomson Gale
          Volume: 7 Issue: 1 Page: 32(2)

          Distributed by Thomson Gale

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