Vida, Naturaleza Y Ciencia Todo Lo Que Hay Que Saber

Book Description

In this groundbreaking history of the Armenian Genocide, the critically acclaimed author of the memoir Black Dog of Fate brings us a riveting narrative of the massacres of the Armenians in the 1890s and genocide in 1915 at the hands of the Ottoman Turks. Using rarely seen archival documents and remarkable first-person accounts, Peter Balakian presents the chilling history of how the Young Turk government implemented the first modern genocide behind the cover of World War I. And in the telling, he also resurrects an extraordinary lost chapter of American history.

During the United States' ascension in the global arena at the turn of the twentieth century, America's humanitarian movement for Armenia was an important part of the rising nation's first epoch of internationalism. Intellectuals, politicians, diplomats, religious leaders, and ordinary citizens came together to try to save the Armenians. The Burning Tigris reconstructs this landmark American cause that was spearheaded by the passionate commitments and commentaries of a remarkable cast of public figures, including Julia Ward Howe, Clara Barton, Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, Ambassador Henry Morgenthau, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Alice Stone Blackwell, Stephen Crane, and Ezra Pound, as well as courageous missionaries, diplomats, and relief workers who recorded their eyewitness accounts and often risked their lives in the killing fields of Armenia.

The crisis of the "starving Armenians" was so embedded in American popular culture that, in an age when a loaf of bread cost a nickel, the American people sent more than $100 million in aid through the American Committee on Armenian Atrocities and its successor, Near East Relief. In 1915 alone, the New York Times published 145 articles about the Armenian Genocide.

Theodore Roosevelt called the extermination of the Armenians "the greatest crime of the war." But in the turmoil following World War I, it was a crime that went largely unpunished. In depicting the 1919 Ottoman court-martial trials, Balakian reveals the perpetrators of the Armenian Genocide confessing their guilt -- an astonishing fact given the Turkish government's continued denial of the Genocide.

After World War I, U.S. oil interests in the Middle East steered America away from the course it had pursued for four decades. As Balakian eloquently points out, America's struggle between human rights and national self-interest -- a pattern that would be repeated again and again -- resonates powerfully today. In crucial ways, America's involvement with the Armenian Genocide is a paradigm for the modern age.

Customer Reviews:

A Reader-Friendly Tutorial of the Genocides.......2007-07-17

This book is full of well-documented facts and quotes related to the continued massacres of the people of Armenia and those living in other countries under Turkish rule.

The chronological format allows readers a comprehensible "understanding" of each successive "event" from the late-1800s thru the failed post-World War I efforts of international leaders to establish and protect a free and independent Armenia following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire.

My hope is that a well-known movie director will ask author Peter Balakian to write a screen play based upon this book. It would be more gripping and powerful than SCHINDLER!S LIST!

One Brilliant & Truly Enticing Read on Armenian Genocide.......2007-02-12

"The Burning Tigris: The Armenian Genocide and America's Response", Peter Balakian, HarperCollins, NY, 2003, ISBN 0-06-019840-0, HC 392 pgs., plus Notes 40 pgs., Biblio. 10 pgs., Index 15 pgs., 3 Maps & 15 pgs. B/W photos, etc. 9 1/4" x 6 1/4"

A brilliant, intimate narrative of multiple massacres of Armenian peoples is set forth by accomplished writer Peter Balakian, a Professor of Humanities. The book is divided into 4 parts: I Emergence of Human Rights, II Turkish Road to Genocide, III American Witess(es), & IV Failed Mission. The Epilogue "Turkish Denial...and U.S. Complicity" is especially informative & revealing of those motives behind inaction by various world powers whose true motives, eminently, the U.S., were bound up in an insatiable pursuit for stakes in oil reserves, especially those in Mesopotamia, & for military bases in the Near East, especially Turkey.

Historically, we are informed Armenia was conquered by Caesar in 63 B.C., adopted Christianity by 301 A.D., was driven into Cilicea by Seljuk Turks in 11th Century, destroyed by Muslim Mamluks in 1375 then overrun by oppressive Ottoman Turks (Muslim) in 1443 who legally designated them "infidels". The crumbling Ottoman Empire headed by the "bloody sultan" Turkish caliph Abdul Hamid II from August 31, 1876 to July 24, 1908 is credited with the "Hamidian massacres" or "holocaust" of 5,000 - 200,000 Armenians in Erzinjan. Sultan's power, assumed by nationalist "Young Turks" of the CUP, sought Muslim orthodoxy, implemented the shari'a (sacred Muslim Qu'ran law), & provoked frenzied Armenian massacres, beatings, rapes, deportations & pillaging ("continuum of destruction") in 1909 in Adana.

In aftermath of the Balkan Wars (1912-1913) Armenian Genocide (AG) pinnacled after the coup d-etat of Jan. 26, 1913 led by Talat Pasha, Enver Pasha, Jemal Pasha (Young Turk Trio) & Ziya Gokalp launching nationalistic indoctrination ("New Religion") with paramilitary training of youths, to revitalize into Golden Age as had Genghis Khan, seeking to destroy Armenians as "dangerous microbes." The brutal, gory details of bastinado, nail extraction, crucifixion, head splitting, eye gouging, mass burnings, starvations, mass drownings, rapes, etc. were carried out on CUP's killing agenda, an hierarchial command motivated by jihad that included Special Organization killing squads, Kurdish Hamidiye forces, gendarmes, & military police all used in the 1914-1915 AG when some 1,000,000. died. Final killings (6,000) were at Kars in October 1920 and in Smyrna on September 1922 by the Kemalist army. But the hatred & official Turkish denials persist, most plausibly stemming from the inhumane, replusive, ghoulish & fiendish massacres although threat of reparations including land exists.

If one were to read one book on the AG, this would be that book to choose: -- it is heavily informative, extraordinarily readable via first-person accounts with just enough repetition of different 'sources' providing supportive details as to leave a most favorable imprinting.

Excellent historic documentation........2006-12-20

Very useful research and information on a key historic event, namely the Armenian Genocide.

Excellent book.......2006-11-05

Even though I posted my review once on another Genocide related article, I just couldn't resist posting it here. Sorry for the inconvenience..

To the Turkish "review"ers:

This is the case always when any is published about any subject that bears the name Armenia. Armenia is "fake, bandit, criminal, murderous, genocidal" and the list goes on and on... I again ask objectively and scholarly as to where, when, how, who, why are these people charged with these heavy charges, when it was the OTTOMAN EMPIRE which ruled for over 630 years, over the known Christian world, from the doors of Vienna to the shores of Yemen, and from the Atlantic Ocean to the Black sea shores and Persia. During that period how many millions of Christians were forcefully converted to Islam, tortured, massacred, brutalized, their properties, wives and daughters confiscated and dishonored, and also how many wars did it have against even Muslim powers like the Persian Kingdom, the Berbers, the Albanians, the Kurds and Arabs?

Sure, it is easy to yeal "WE DIDN'T DO IT!" in regards to the Armenian Genocide.. Oh but hold it! Don't the Neo-Nazis say the same about the Holocaust? Don't the Khmer militia say the same about Cambodia? Don't SOME Hutus say the same about the Tutsis? DOES THE GOVERNMENT OF SUDAN OR DOES YOUR GOVERNMENT IN TURKEY OR AZERBAIJAN say there is a Genocide going on in SUDAN? (I know exactly why can't you say it). Sudan would tell you to "look into a mirror..."

Do you want just one example of Genocide commited not only against the Armenians, but against every Christian minority for 630 years? WHERE DID YOU RECRUIT THE JANISSARIES FROM...? Being christian children forcefully taken as tax from their parents and grown as turks to massacre christians is or isn't a classical, methodological, systematic way to shrink or eliminate a race? What about the 300,000 Armenians massacred by the Hamidiye forces between 1894-1896? What about the 30,000 plus Armenians butchered in Adana in 1909? What about the 1,500,000 Armenians, and more than 400,000 Greeks, 250,000 Assyrians, and thousands of other non-turkic minorities between 1915 and 1923...? Some Turkish diplomats were shot during the Cold War by Armenian activists? What a pity... 30 plus diplomats for you weigh more than millions upon millions of other people... Elif Shafak the daughter of one of those diplomats shot, is more couragous than anyone to objectively examine for the truth and getting convinced that Turkey did commit the ultimate crime against humanity, that these Armenians acted for the recognition of the Genocide (even though the ways were extreme and sometimes unjustified.) Wasn't it the interior minister of Azerbaijan who in 2005 said that "Armenia would not exist in 30 years from now..? Any better words for Genocide?

Let the honest, unbiased, historically sound minded person objectively examine the events, and come to the conclusions. Conclusions that are nowadays reached by Turkish intellectuals (Akcam, Berktay, Muge, Ertem, Zarakoglu, Shafak, and many more) who recognize and condemn the first Genocide of the 20th Century.

"NOW GO AND LOOK INTO A MIRROR..."

An oft-overlooked aspect of the Armenian Massacres.......2006-09-30

The reason I bought the Burning Tigris is that, unlike some histories of the Armenian Massacre, it gives extensive information about those around the world who DID care, who DID help. Too often I've heard people say, "No one did anything to help." But it is heartening to know that many did try, and that America was in the forefront. The record of the efforts to alleviate the suffering of the victims, and protest the genocide serves in itself as a proof that this atrocity occurred.

Sadly, denial and persecution continues, as one may see by some of the reviews here. However, Armenians have all the more reason to be grateful to America for giving us freedom and safety. Writing bad reviews and denying facts is the worst Ottoman-defending Turks can do to us now.

Starving Armenians: America and the Armenian Genocide, 1915-1930 and After

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"Some facts often omitted in writing on Armenian Genocide"
Mitchell peddles paid propaganda
With a Grain of Salt
lessons from yesterday for today

Starving Armenians: America and the Armenian Genocide, 1915-1930 and After
Merrill D. Peterson
Manufacturer: University of Virginia Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0813922674

Book Description

The persecution and suffering of the Armenian people, a religious and cultural minority in the Ottoman Empire, reached a peak in the era of World War I at the hands of the Turks. Between 1915 and 1925 as many as 1.5 million Armenian men, women, and children died in Ottoman Turkey, victims of execution, starvation, and death marches to the Syrian desert.

In "Starving Armenians," Merrill Peterson explores the American response to these atrocities, beginning with the initial reports to President Wilson from his Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, Henry Morgenthau, who described Turkey as "a place of horror." The West gradually began to take notice. As the New York Times carried stories about the "slow massacre of a race," public outrage over this tragedy led to an unprecedented philanthropic crusade spearheaded by Near East Relief, an organization rooted in Protestant missionary endeavors in the Near East and dedicated to saving the survivors of the first genocide of the twentieth century. The book also addresses the Armenian aspirations for an independent republic under American auspices; these hopes went unfulfilled in the peacemaking after the war and ended altogether when Armenia was absorbed into the Soviet Union.

Part of a generation who were admonished as children to "remember the starving Armenians," Peterson went to Armenia in 1997 as a Peace Corps volunteer and became fascinated by the country's troubled history. The extensive research he embarked upon afterwards revealed not only the scope of the people's hardship and amazing resilience; it located in the American effort to help the Armenians a unique perspective on our own nation's experience of the twentieth century. "Starving Armenians" is an eloquent narrative of an all but forgotten part of that experience.

Customer Reviews:

"Some facts often omitted in writing on Armenian Genocide" .......2007-02-26

"Starving Armenians: America and the Armenian Genocide, 1915-1930 and After: by Merrill Peterson, ISBN: 0-8139-2267-4 (2004) Univ. VA Press, HC 178 pgs., 22 illustrations, plus Notes 10 pgs., Index 7 pgs., 6 1/8" x 8 3/4"

Peterson, both historian & published writer, gives a meaty synopsis of Henry Morgenthau's reporting & observations while Ambassaor to Turkey & follows this with 5 chapters entitled: 1. Awakening, 2. Genocide, 3. Near East Relief (NER) in War & Peace, 4. Chaos, Carnage & Survivors, and 5. The Great Betrayal - he concludes with an enticing Epilogue.

Of the now numerous books covering the Armenian Question, Massacres & Genocide - Peterson's is one of the better written & researched chronicles of those events; he provides a good detailed accounting of the NER. In the chapter "The Great Betrayal" he pulls no punches in detailing the machinations behind the overtly indifference of various allied powers on their impotency & failure to taken any military or meaningful political actions; the US resorting instead to basically encourage & promote the US populace to render humanitarian aid via NER & later, its "greatest asset",the "International Golden Rule Sunday" (1924-1931). Standard Oil (New Jersey) under the Rockefeller empire, induced the State Department to use its influence to permit it access to Mesopotamia (Iraqi) oil reserves alongside the Anglo-Persian Company (British) which is akin to BP.

Concluding remarks on immigration quotas, & Turkey's denials of their complicity in the Ottoman massacres, AG, etc. including several scandulous attempts to deny AG through contrary teachings in several American universities are aptly detailed. Peterson presents some important detailed factual information lacking in other treatises.

Mitchell peddles paid propaganda.......2005-12-31

Mr. Mitchell shows his true colors by citing the discredited Heath Lowry in denying the Armenian Holocaust. Mr. Lowry is a paid agent of the Turkish gov't. See The Chronicle of Higher Education, October 27, 1995, p.A44, "Critics Accuse Turkish Government of Manipulating Scholarship," by Amy Magaro Rubin. See also The New York Times, May 22, 1996, "Princeton Is Accused of Fronting for the Turkish Government," by William H. Honan. You will find similar "reviews" of books on the Armenian Holocaust by Mitchell and others, if indeed they are not the same person. For example, see Mitchell's 8 almost-identical reviews of books on this subject--just click "See all my reviews." They're simple cut-and-past jobs. And it doesn't matter whether Mitchell is his real name (perhaps he's David Irving). His reviews, whatever his real name, are simply pure propoganda. I wonder how much he got paid for his efforts.

With a Grain of Salt.......2005-05-07

It just astonished me as how certain discursive formations can actually lead people to believe as the 'real' reality. It does not matter whether for an event to 'really happen' or not. What matters is that you hear it on a radio or read it on a newspaper or website or even talk about it at the water-cooler. Those who have had the chance to watch 'Wag the Dog' might get the idea of how such 'reality' is constructed.

On a more advanced level 'discursivity', a la Foucault, is a building block of a discourse in which certain linkages, here and their, add to what ordinary people believe on the street.

Now obviously Hitler was one of the worst things that happened during the 20th century. This is commonsense. But to add certain 'material' so as to advance another claim by building upon Hitler, is something that should be carefully approached, at least for people who at least visit and read stuff through Amazon.
If a chain in a series of discursive formations can be shown to be weak or invalid than it would be proven that that chain of a discourse is on shaky grounds, and that most of what is known about it is likely to be false.
Unfortunately we see certain 'material' is attached to certain claims so as to resemble the Holocaust. Let us revisit a single claim on part of those would like to exploit the events during the early 20th century. A reviewer, for instance, obviously bought one claim and thus knows it to be the 'truth'

Adolf Hitler: "Who, after all, speaks today of the annihilation of the Armenians?"

Now has anybody bothered to investigate it. No, of course. "It sounds like as if it is true, so why not believe it". Well fortunately there are still people who like investigating such stuff.
Read for example :
Heath W. Lowry
Washington, D.C.
Political Communication and Persuasion, Volume 3, Number 2 (1985)
Abstract This article traces the history of a purported Adolf Hitler quote which cites the perecent of the world's lack of reaction to the fate of Armenians during the First World War as a justification for his planned extermination of European Jewry in the course of the Second World War. By a detailed examination of the genesis of this quotation the author demonstrates that there is no historical basis for attributing such a statement to Hitler...
[...]
If one is serious about really getting into history, rather than believing simply what is out their in the popular press,
I would additionally suggest to take a tour of the documents of Ambassador Morgenthau. First let us not take any word for having a Godly truth 'Its ambassador so its gotta be true' mentality is ok if you're ok with it (respect of thought). But there are historical evidence that suggests that Morgenthau did not even know Ottoman scripture, and that this is proved throughout his letters when he attempts to translate 'words' and 'dates' of events. Do not hesitate to read...
[...]

For those who have CAREFULLY read what I have written so far, notice I am not either on one side of the argument between Armenian historians or historians of the Ottoman empire, but that I have just thrown out some thought provoking information so that one will at least ask some questions before believing what they read. Doubtless there will be those occasional pointless replies to this review, but again all I am saying is, think before you react. Now one could argue that I am saying is a postmodernist crituque and historical relativism. That would be false. I believe in historical analysis, as a scientific enterprise (and only the scientific version of it). But then again let us not forget that some American historians who were studying the case at hand were bombed by Armenians. Now if history is written by historians and that some historians (i.e. UCLA professor Stanford Shaw)are bullied so as not to investigate certain historical matters than, at least if you have a capacity to think critically than be suspicious about it. [...]
By the way absolutely nothing is mentioned about the equal ammount of civilian Turks that were slaugthered by Russian backed Armenian militia. Nor anything about the terrorism campaign of Armenians during the 1970's that left thousands of people dead and wounded. To say "denying genocide is a wrong thing" is one thing. But in doing so if one is denying the death of tens of thousands of innocent Turks, is called hypocrism and puts one in ethically shaky grounds.

The latest British governemeents acceptance that the "blue book", which Armenian claims are based upon, have been declared by the government itself to be a WW1 time propaganda material. Yes you heard it right!

Here's another eye opener: Often the claim is made there 1 million Armenians were murdered. What they do not say that the same material they indicate that a "genocide" happened says that
the ENTIRE Armenian population in the Ottoman Empire was 800 thousand (200 thousand difference!) MOREOVER Keep in mind that the Armenian diaspora, that builds its own desire to have a national identity, has a population of more than 9 million people across the world. HOW CAN this be??? Well thats how nationalism is formed: impossibile numbers, man on white horse, the evil "other" etc.... So this "genocide" attitude is more of identity building rather than real history.

Well I hope I contributed on an intellectual level and I hope 'thought thugs' would not misunderstand what I have suggested.

lessons from yesterday for today.......2004-07-09

Professor Merrill has written a fascinating book with many lessons. Instructive is the way oil politics at the 1923 Lusanne Conference got in the way of a European response to the national and humanitarian consequences of the Armenians' 20 previous years of suffering Turk inflicted "crimes against humanity" (the word genocide hadn't been coined, but crimes against humanity had been identified at the Versailles Conference). Now the west wants to use human rights to cover the military drive to the middle east oil spigot, thus an instructive irony.
I had experience in Central America in the late 1970s and early 1980s and comparisons with congregationalist ministers in 19th century Armenia and Catholic liberation theologians in Central America are relevant. Also, in both cases the indigenous peoples were wiped off of the map of fertile lowlands and condemned to infertile highlands. The human rights response was similar too with the congregationalist Near East Relief organization comparable to the widespread Catholic church support of Caritas, the Paulists, or others for Central American indigenous peoples under seige.
Also, here in the US Armenian success stories are legion. My family boasts relatives of the Colombosian family, famous for their Colombo yogurt. The Colombosian family lost extensive 1st generation family in the genocide. They continue to support the establishment of the Armenian holocaust museum in Washington DC, among other efforts.

America and the Armenian Genocide of 1915 (Studies in the Social and Cultural History of Modern Warfare)

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Must read
One-sided propaganda
'adam' is also 'richard mitchell'
Turkish Lobbyists/PR even denying holocaust here!
Myth BUSTED

America and the Armenian Genocide of 1915 (Studies in the Social and Cultural History of Modern Warfare)

Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0521829585

Book Description

Long before Rwanda and Bosnia and the Holocaust, the first genocide of the twentieth century occurred in Turkish Armenia in 1915. The essays in this collection examine how Americans learned of this catastrophe and tried to help its victims. Knowledge and compassion, however, were not enough to stop the killings, and a terrible precedent was born in 1915. The Armenian genocide has haunted the U.S. and other Western countries throughout the twentieth century.

Customer Reviews:

Must read.......2005-12-24

Good history which is powerfully revealing. Jay Winter, a Harvard historian, gives the straight facts about the Armenian Genocide and the shameful efforts to evade responsiblity by modern Turkey.
Even now 90 years later they continue to blame the victims in their shameful campaign of denial.

One-sided propaganda .......2005-12-02

How weird the last three reviews had nothing to do with the book, but was a "gang-up" on a reviewer ("Adam") who didn't like the book. One of the review critics, N. Livadas, found issue with Adam's posting the same review on other Armenian Genocide books. All three reviews are so obsessed with "Adam," appearing also in just a two-month span, that I think they may have all originated from the same hand.

Reviewer "A Kid's Review," is guilty of the same; he posted practically the same "review" here on the reviews page of 'The Burning Tigris" (entitled, "Great scholarship," June 3, 2005... even the same date). This fellow was obsessed with "Adam" there as well, and wrote nothing of substance about the book, the same as here. He complains of "Adam" having a "fake name." Talk about calling the kettle black.

A quick note before we get to the book, which I HAVE read. "Kid" claims that Heath Lowry called himself a lobbyist, and then cites the Armenian-friendly newspaper The Boston Globe. (So it's not Lowry's word, as Kid claims, but the newspaper's.) Secondly, because a partisan newspaper uses a descriptive word does not make it true. If one travels to the Institute of Turkish Studies' site, there is nothing controversial (no word on the genocide, eg), and the claim that as a tax-exempt organization, they are not allowed to lobby. It looks like this is an organization wishing to balance the lopsided scales of propagandistic U.S. education, all centering on the Armenians' views, by giving Turkish studies a chance in universities. That is not lobbying in the sense of gathering grassroots support and influencing politicians, as Armenian lobby organizations are experts of.

Lowry was the victim of a smear campaign; his paper on the Hitler quote was exhaustive, and even an Armenian scholar (Robert John) has concluded this quote was fabricated. The Holocaust Museum was seduced by offers of big Armenian money (one offered a cool million before going back on his word), and their decision to put up the quote does not prove the quote is genuine. At least the Museum didn't sink so low as to include an Armenian section, which was the original idea.

As for the book: you can guess. It was a result from another totally one-sided genocide conference arranged by the ANI and -- SHAMEFULLY -- the Library of Congress' James Billington. (The LoC cannot afford to be partisan; Billington's daughter, Susan, authored a chapter of the book!) Jay Winter goes on about his "Total War" angle, confused about the definition of "Total War" (first he seems to say the term applies to industrialized nations, and then tries to re-define the non-industrial Ottoman Empire), and there are chapters by Dadrian, Hovannisian, Balakian... the whole gang. I liked the chapter on the dragomans (one reason why the U.S. and other consuls/diplomats were so wildly in favor of the Armenian perspective was that most everything was communicated through Armenian translators... who were not always above deceptively changing meanings, in the fulfilment of their cause).

We're told from first reviewer Sarafian that two Gomidas works provide the "the core archival records underpinning this volume," U.S. government documents and Morgenthau's diaries. Morgenthau, by the way, allowed his Armenian assistants to write letters in the ambassador's name, and these letters and diaries at times sharply deviated from the claims in his book... as researched by that scholar par excellence, Heath Lowry, in "The Story Behind Ambassador Morgenthau's Story." These American representatives were heavily prejudiced, rarely witnessing events for themselves, always accepting the hearsay of missionaries and Armenians. (When a U.S. official finally appeared on the scene who objectively believed in human rights for all, Admiral Mark Bristol, he was smeared as "pro-Turk," then and now.)

Consular and missionary testimony spell out the heart of this book. The backdrop of history is ignored; only biased sources are generally used, which hardly defines this book as an attempt to get at the truth of the matter. One-sided propaganda does not make for good scholarship.
----

'adam' is also 'richard mitchell'.......2005-07-18

Under this name he also reviews every available book on the armenian-turkish history. Always the same pretentious text citing Foucault etc. - laughable, especially, when you see how he reviews the book "Complementary Cardiovascular Medicine: Clinical Handbook" which has the advantage of having been written by a turkish scientist:

"Wonderul Turkish Doctor, May 7, 2005
Dr. Oz wondergul doctor
Thank you very much the Turkish Nation."

Turkish Lobbyists/PR even denying holocaust here!.......2005-06-04

Reveiwer Adam "Balaikan" cites Heath Lowry's now laughable attempt to debunked the infamous Hitler quote on the Armeanian Genocide.

Newsflash "Adam": Heath Lowry was for twen years a lobbyist (not my word but his) in Washington as a fioreign agent for the govnerment of Turkey.

Boston Globe NOv 24, 1995: "For 10 years, Lowry directed the Institute of Turkish Studies in Washington, a lobby set up in 1982 with $3 million from the Turkish government and annual funding from Ankara."

Lowry became the laughing stock of academic world when a huge scandal erupted around his attempt to debunk the Armenian genocide. A donez of the top scholars of genocide at universities in Israel proved his simple-minded attempt to disattribute the quote on the Armenains from Hitler was wrong (Adam you repeated Lowry's mistake here).

By the way, Hitler's quiote is ENGRAVED in the US Holocaust museum, with full historic attribution from real genoceide scolars -- not sad genocide deniers.

No one on the planet has Adam's last name. It is a fake name (a hackneyed attempt to look Armenian). The Ammenian Genocide by Turkey is known everywhwere but Trukey and Truks like Adam simply become shocked when they find out. Snake oil salesmen like Lowry and Justin McCarthy(who also can't get published in serious peer reviewed venues and has to take money from Turkey) will seell their whares to Ankara -- but is not money well spent.

Myth BUSTED.......2005-05-07

It just astonished me as how certain discursive formations can actually lead people to believe as the 'real' reality. It does not matter whether for an event to 'really happen' or not. What matters is that you hear it on a radio or read it on a newspaper or website or even talk about it at the water-cooler. Those who have had the chance to watch 'Wag the Dog' might get the idea of how such 'reality' is constructed.

On a more advanced level 'discursivity', a la Foucault, is a building block of a discourse in which certain linkages, here and their, add to what ordinary people believe on the street.

Now obviously Hitler was one of the worst things that happened during the 20th century. This is commonsense. But to add certain 'material' so as to advance another claim by building upon Hitler, is something that should be carefully approached, at least for people who at least visit and read stuff through Amazon.
If a chain in a series of discursive formations can be shown to be weak or invalid than it would be proven that that chain of a discourse is on shaky grounds, and that most of what is known about it is likely to be false.
Unfortunately we see certain 'material' is attached to certain claims so as to resemble the Holocaust. Let us revisit a single claim on part of those would like to exploit the events during the early 20th century. A reviewer, for instance, obviously bought one claim and thus knows it to be the 'truth'

Adolf Hitler: "Who, after all, speaks today of the annihilation of the Armenians?"

Now has anybody bothered to investigate it. No, of course. "It sounds like as if it is true, so why not believe it". Well fortunately there are still people who like investigating such stuff.
Read for example :
Heath W. Lowry
Washington, D.C.
Political Communication and Persuasion, Volume 3, Number 2 (1985)
Abstract This article traces the history of a purported Adolf Hitler quote which cites the perecent of the world's lack of reaction to the fate of Armenians during the First World War as a justification for his planned extermination of European Jewry in the course of the Second World War. By a detailed examination of the genesis of this quotation the author demonstrates that there is no historical basis for attributing such a statement to Hitler...
[...]
If one is serious about really getting into history, rather than believing simply what is out their in the popular press,
I would additionally suggest to take a tour of the documents of Ambassador Morgenthau. First let us not take any word for having a Godly truth 'Its ambassador so its gotta be true' mentality is ok if you're ok with it (respect of thought). But there are historical evidence that suggests that Morgenthau did not even know Ottoman scripture, and that this is proved throughout his letters when he attempts to translate 'words' and 'dates' of events. Do not hesitate to read...
[...]

For those who have CAREFULLY read what I have written so far, notice I am not either on one side of the argument between Armenian historians or historians of the Ottoman empire, but that I have just thrown out some thought provoking information so that one will at least ask some questions before believing what they read. Doubtless there will be those occasional pointless replies to this review, but again all I am saying is, think before you react. Now one could argue that I am saying is a postmodernist crituque and historical relativism. That would be false. I believe in historical analysis, as a scientific enterprise (and only the scientific version of it). But then again let us not forget that some American historians who were studying the case at hand were bombed by Armenians. Now if history is written by historians and that some historians (i.e. UCLA professor Stanford Shaw)are bullied so as not to investigate certain historical matters than, at least if you have a capacity to think critically than be suspicious about it. [...]

The latest British governemeents acceptance that the "blue book", which Armenian claims are based upon, have been declared by the government itself to be a WW1 time propaganda material. Yes you heard it right!
Well I hope I contributed on an intellectual level and I hope 'thought thugs' would not misunderstand what I have suggested.

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