Escrito Por Brujas (Historia)

Book Description

A master historian's excavations into the past unearth a world that is unexpected and compelling.

George Washington was inaugurated as president in 1789 with one tooth in his mouth, a lower left bicuspid. The Father of His Country had sets of false teeth that were made of everything but wood, from elephant ivory and walrus tusk to the teeth of a fellow human. With characteristic learning and bracing insight, Robert Darnton shows us that the Enlightenment had false teeth also—that it was not the Father of Our Modern World, responsible for all its advances and transgressions. In restoring the Enlightenment to human scale, Darnton locates its real aims, ambitions, and significance. So too with the French Revolution, another icon of the eighteenth century, approached here through the gossip, songs, and broadsides that formed the political nervous system of Paris in the Old Regime. Figures we think we know—Voltaire, Jefferson, Rousseau, Condorcet, even historians themselves—emerge afresh in Darnton's hands, their vitality, if not their teeth, intact. 17 b/w illustrations.

Customer Reviews:

Enjoyable.......2006-01-09

The unconventional in the subtitle "An Unconventional Guide to the Eighteenth Century" is a little deceiving. This reader expected to find curiosities large and small, such as Mr. Washington's false teeth in an exegesis to show how different that century was from the ones we grew up in.

The unconventianility is really Mr. Darnton's insinuation of himself into the text with many allusions from the 18th century to ours. It's ok - it's a historian's sin he cheerily admits up front. So Paris's informal political communication networks of gossip, handbills, songs, subversive literature, et al. focuses on ... well ... the King's sex life. There's more to it than that, of course, but still, in all a lot like the internet and a certain recent president.

The last chapter, "The Skeletons in the Closet: How Historians Play God" is worth the price of admission.

Whatever.......2004-04-23

Anyone who teaches at Princeton shouldn't be allowed to publish a book with the words "false teeth" on the cover!

Kind of Bland.......2003-05-18

Robert Darnton's latest book consists of a series of assorted essays. Most are from the nineties, though one is from the eighties and one is a reworking of a chapter of his doctoral dissertation in the sixties. Darnton starts with a defense of the Enlightenmnet, then goes on to discuss information networks in ancien regime France ("the eighteenth century Internet.") He then goes on to discuss cosmpolitanism in 18th century Europe, Voltaire and Jefferson's differing ideas of happiness, Rousseau as an anthropologist, the debate in pre-1789 France over the nature of the United States, the Girondin leader Brissot and stock market speculation in the 1780s, and finally an autobiographical essay on his work in the archives and his research on Brissot.

The result is a work that is less successful and less interesting that Darnton's two previous collection of essays "The Great Cat Massacre" and "The Kiss of Lamourette." Only the essays on the Parisian Internet and the quarrel between Condorcet and Brissot on America show new scholarly research. We see some of Darnton's old themes: the communication of ideas, the quasi-pornographic Enlightenment Undergound, but little that is new. The essay on Rousseau is an intelligent, not unsympathetic discussion of his career which looks like it could be a good article for Harpers' (and where in fact it was published in the eighties). The discussion of cosmpolitanism seems superficially interesting: in the 18th century publishers spewed out French books from London to Amsterdam to Dresden. During the Seven Years War Laurence Sterne travelled around France without any concern that the French might object to his presence, while Voltaire personally congratulated Frederick the Great for his victories over Voltaire's king. But these facts tell us little that would not be already known to students of the eighteenth century. The same lack of insight hurts his essay on happiness.

The title essay in defence of the Enlightenment is definitely the most lively. Darnton criticizes those who accuse it of such sins as imperialism, Orientalism, Nihilism, Positivism, and Totalitarianism. He makes some good points but the result is not fully convincing. For a start, he is not fair to the criticism of Adorno and the Frankfurt School. They saw themselves not as the enemies of the Enlightenment but as critics, as its loyal opposition. Adorno himself several times stated that the only cure for the damage caused to the world by reason is more reason. So while it is true that in our day and age there are no alternative moral criteria than those set up in the Enlightenment, it is also, in Adorno's case, somewhat beside the point.

Another problem with the essay is a certain tendentiousness. It is all very well to point out Diderot's cosmopolitianism, Voltaire's campaigns against judicial murder and Abbe Raynal's defense of the Indians. It is vitally important to remember that the Counter-Enlightenment contributed far more to the evils of slavery, misogyny and anti-Semitism. But the failure of the Democratic Party to treat their fellow Americans of African descent with basic decency cannot be blamed on the heavy weight of the Habsburgs or the Holy Office of the Inquisition. Likewise, even if one is sympathetic to the Jacobins, one cannot disassociate the Enlightenment from Terror, as Darnton does, simply because Robespierre preferred Rousseau to the Encyclopediasts. And there is the other side of the Enlightenment. There is Hume's support of slavery and Kant's indulgence of racism. Helvetius can be horribly crass nor can Adam Smith be entirely exculpated from those who used "The Wealth of Nations" as an excuse to let people starve in famines. And where is Bentham? Bentham's crass philistinism, his plans for perfect prisons and his having his butler executed for stealing some silverware make him the perfect villian of "Discipline and Punish." He cannot be so easily ignored.

The best essay in the final one as Darnton recounts how as an archival student he learned by accident that Brissot may have been a spy for the French police while Marat had not been guilty of theft and imprisoned in the 1770s. At times it is amusing: when he visited Orleans, the chief archivist, a man named Le Maire, offered to give him a tour of the city. Darnton's French was so bad then he thought the mayor of Orleans was personally welcoming him. But as it goes on it is a touching story of how Darnton found out incriminating facts about someone he had once admired and found that he was guilty of crude huckstering and self-deceit. These days it is easy for people to join the winning side and claim that they were just facing the hard truths. Darnton's essay shows the real ambiguities such self-righteous bluster hides.

Book Description

This new edition has been greatly enlarged and updated to provide both scientists and engineers with a clear and comprehensive understanding of composite materials. In describing both theoretical and practical aspects of their production, properties and usage, the book crosses the borders of many disciplines. Topics covered include: fibers, matrices, laminates and interfaces; elastic deformation, stress and strain, strength, fatigue crack propagation and creep resistance; toughness and thermal properties; fatigue and deterioration under environmental conditions; fabrication and applications. Coverage has been increased to include polymeric, metallic and ceramic matrices and reinforcement in the form of long fibers, short fibers and particles. Designed primarily as a teaching text for final year undergraduates in materials science and engineering, this book will also interest undergraduates and postgraduates in chemistry, physics, and mechanical engineering. In addition, it will be an excellent source book for academic and technological researchers on materials.

Introduction To Composite Materials Design (Materials Science & Engineering Series)

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An excellent first look into composites
Review of Introduction to Composite Materials Design
Review of Introduction to Composite Materials Design
A mechanical engineering professor's review
A very good book for advanced senior and graduate students.

Introduction To Composite Materials Design (Materials Science & Engineering Series)
Ever J. Barbero
Manufacturer: Taylor & Francis
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 1560327014

Book Description

Providing the main tools used for preliminary design of
composites, this concise text covers all design aspects such as
fiber and matrix selection, fabrication processes, prediction of
material properties, and structural analysis of beams, plates,
shells and other structures.

Powerful preliminary-design tools, such as "carpet plots," are used in examples throughout the book, and software, entitles Computer Aided Design Environment for Composites (CADEC), is provided, which includes all of the design equations.

Customer Reviews:

An excellent first look into composites.......2003-01-25

Introduction to composite materials design, by E. Barbero, is an
excellent first book on composites. After describing composites
and its fabrication it gives notions and up to date expressions
for micromechanics and describes lamination theory; The book has
information for the design of structural parts using composites
and a software for practical calculations.
I have used the book with several groups of students at the
master level with very good results.

Review of Introduction to Composite Materials Design.......2003-01-03

Barbero's book is an excellent text of composite materials design and analysis for early graduate and advanced undergraduate students.

After using this text for 2 years, my students and I continue to be impressed with the book's organization, clear writing, good examples, and useful software.

This text provides a practical framework that can be applied equally well toward developing a thorough understanding of lamination theory or the fairly rapid application of this theory to advanced problems in composite materials design.

Review of Introduction to Composite Materials Design.......2002-12-12

This is an excellent book for the practicing engineer and the instructor. It is full of thoughtful and useful insights that I have not found in other texts.

The availability of free downloadable micromechanics and structural analysis software makes it unique.

I am impressed with the scope, which covers materials, manufacturing processes, micromechanics and behavior of plates and shells. There is a considerable amount of useful detail, such as types of stiffeners. In addition, it touches on important practical issues such as corrosion and flammability.

Each chapter has exercises and a significant list of references, making it a useful classroom text.

I highly recommend it....

A mechanical engineering professor's review.......2002-12-10

In this distinctive text, author Ever Barbero focuses on the introduction to composite materials design and its fundamental concepts. The logical order of topic presentation on composites is a major strength of the text. The text is so well written that any engineering student can easy understand the fundamentals of composites without having prior knowledge of composites. Design content is distributed throughout the book in a form that attracts the reader into the design rather than the mathematical complexity that usually exists in mechanics of composites. This book would be my first choice to adopt to teach the fundamentals of composites to a class of mainly undergraduate students.

A very good book for advanced senior and graduate students........1999-07-31

The author has achieved an excellent balance of depth and clarity in this relatively easy to follow book. The fundamental concepts of mechanics and elasticity, that are necessary for the explanation of the mechanics of fibrous composites, are presented in a very concise and clear manner so that students with standard background in mechanics can easily extend their knowledge from basic mechanics to the mechanics of composites. Yet, the book provides enough description and contents to help the student deal with practical problems in design.

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Introduction to Composite Materials
Hong T. Hahn , and Stephen W. Tsai
Manufacturer: CRC
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0877622884

Book Description

A widely used basic text by two recognized authorities. A unified and disciplined approach; advanced concepts reduced to easy-to-use charts, formulas and numerical examples.

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Fibre Metal Laminates - An Introduction

Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 1402000383

Book Description

Fibre metal laminates were developed at Delft University of Technology in The Netherlands, from the beginning of the 1980s. This is a new family of hybrid materials consisting of thin metal layers bonded together by fibres embedded in an adhesive. As a result of this build-up, fibre metal laminates possess a mixture of the characteristics of both metals and composite materials. Initial development led to the `Arall' variant using aramid fibres, which was first applied on the C-17 military transport aircraft around 1990. Large-scale application became possible with a variant using glass fibres, dubbed `Glare', which was selected for the Airbus A380 super jumbo in 2001. This is the first book to discuss these new materials and it deals mostly with Glare. It covers most of the relevant aspects of the materials, from static mechanical properties, fatigue and impact to design, production and maintenance of aircraft structures. This book contains the basic information on these new materials necessary for engineers and aircraft operators alike.

Advances in Damage Mechanics: Metals and Metal Matrix Composites with an Introduction to Fabric Tensors

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Advances in Damage Mechanics: Metals and Metal Matrix Composites with an Introduction to Fabric Tensors
George Z. Voyiadjis
Manufacturer: Elsevier
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0080446884

Book Description

The book presents the principles of Damage Mechanics along with the latest research findings. Both isotropic and anisotropic damage mechanisms are presented. Various damage models are presented coupled with elastic and elasto-plastic behavior. The book includes two chapters that are solely dedicated to experimental investigations conducted by the authors. In its last chapter, the book presents experimental data for damage in composite materials that appear in the literature for the first time.

· Systematic treatment of damage mechanics in composite materials
· Includes special and advanced topics
· Includes basic principles of damage mechanics
· Includes new experimental data that appears in print for the first time
· Covers both metals and metal matrix composite materials
· Includes new chapters on fabric tensors
· Second edition includes four new chapters

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Introduction To Automotive Composites

Manufacturer: Rapra Technology
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 1859572790

Book Description

Composites are being used more and more in the automotive industry, because of their strength, weight, quality and cost advantages. In 1998-1999, to further knowledge of composites, the Rover Group in conjunction with the Warwick Manufacturing Group devised a Composite Awareness course. This book is an updated and expanded version of the course notes.

This book is intended to give readers an appreciation of composites, materials properties, manufacturing technologies and the wider implications of using composites in the automotive sector. It will be useful for those already working with composites in automotive applications and for those who are considering using them in the future.

Chapter Titles… 1. What are Composites? This chapter deals with the properties of composites, the types of composite commonly used for automotive applications and reinforcement with fibres.

2. Polymer Chemistry and Physics. This chapter explains how polymers are formed and how the structure affects the physical and chemical properties of the resulting composite.

3. Composite Ingredients. The differences between thermoplastics and thermosets are discussed.

4. General Properties of Composites. The physical properties of composites, stiffness, strength and toughness are explained and how these properties influence what sort of composite is obtained. Test methods and manufacturing methods are also covered.

5. How can we use Composites in Car Manufacture? The reasons for using composites are discussed. Examples are given of the use of composites in specific automotive examples.

6. Manufacturing with Thermoset Composites. This chapter covers manufacturing methods, such as resin infusion, pre-pregging, resin transfer moulding, structural reaction injection moulding, filament winding and pultrusion.

7. Manufacturing with Thermoplastic Composites. This chapter discusses manufacturing methods such as log fibre GMT and short fibre injection moulding.

8. Economics of Composites Manufacture. Covers cost analysis, comparison of materials costs and parts integration and modules.

9. What to do with Composites at the end of Vehicle Life. Mechanical and chemical recycling, thermal conversion and energy recovery are all covered in this chapter.

10. The Future of Composites. This chapter discusses the advantages of using composites, hypercars, and gives examples of future uses of composites in doors, bonnets and other automotive structures.

Book Description

Complex-mediums electromagnetics (CME) describes the study of electromagnetic fields in materials with complicated response properties. This truly multidisciplinary field commands the attentions of scientists from physics and optics to electrical and electronic engineering, from chemistry to materials science, to applied mathematics, biophysics, and nanotechnology. This book is a collection of essays to explain complex mediums for optical and electromagnetic applications. All contributors were requested to write with two aims: first, to educate; second, to provide a state-of-the-art review of a particular subtopic. The vast scope of CME exemplified by the actual materials covered in the essays should provide a plethora of opportunities to the novice and the initiated alike.

Customer Reviews:

Depth of the book coverage.......2004-04-24

The book covers a lot of ground and can be a very powerful tool for research.

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An Introduction to Composite Materials
Stephen W.; Hahn, H. Thomas Tsai
Manufacturer: C R C Press LLC
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
ASIN: B000HN62UW

Introduction to Composite Products - Design, development and manufacture

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Introduction to Composite Products - Design, development and manufacture
K. Potter
Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 041273690X

Book Description

This books sets out an approach to the design and development of composite products that will lead to the maximum likelihood of developing commercially successful products, generally in the face of a great deal of uncertainty in most areas of the development process. The book is practically orientated, covering those areas of composite technology most critical to product developments, rather than those of the most theoretical importance, therefore providing a basis for mutual understanding among the broad field of composite specialists. The author's experience provides a hands-on approach to the methodology of design with composites.
All those interested in composites design and manufacture, including those practising in such diverse fields as resin formulation, reinforcement, manufacture, design processing and manufacturing engineering will find this book invaluable.

Introduction to Design and Analysis With Advanced Composite Materials

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Introduction to Design and Analysis With Advanced Composite Materials
Stephen R. Swanson
Manufacturer: Prentice Hall College Div
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 002418554X

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